Abstract:The retrograde valve-crossing of a stenotic aortic valve is a crucial step in the transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure. In addition to being time-consuming and associated with an increased stroke risk, inappropriate valve-crossing may cause devastating complications. This tutorial review summarizes systematic and detailed techniques to cross the aortic valve. First, the main challenges in retrograde valve-crossing are depicted. Next, a step-by-step guidance on valve-crossing is provided, al… Show more
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