Algological Investigations in the Polluted Ashar Canal and Shatt al‐Arab in Basrah (Iraq)

Al‐Saadi, Hussain A.; Pankow, Helmut; Huq, Molla Fazlul

doi:10.1002/iroh.19790640417

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Taxonomic implications. The striae per 10 lm of P. laevis reported in previous studies ranges from 12 to 18 in 10 lm (e.g., Bourrelly and Manguin 1952, Al-Saadi et al 1979, Fr ankov a-Koz akov a et al 2007, Cavalcante et al 2013, Mamanazarova and Gololobova 2017, Park et al 2017, with an exceptional case in that P. laevis found in Iran had 9-12/ 10 lm (Sharifinia et al 2016). The striae densities in most of the valves observed in this study, from 13 to 19, fit well within this range.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Morphological plasticity in response to salinity change in the euryhaline diatom Pleurosira laevis (Bacillariophyta)

Kamakura

Ashworth

Yamada

et al. 2022

Journal of Phycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pleurosira laevis is a salt-tolerant diatom distributed around the world. The valve of P. laevis has distinct structures called ocelli, which are sharply defined areas with fine, densely packed pores. Two formae of this diatom, P. laevis f. laevis and P. laevis f. polymorpha, are distinguished from each other by their flat or dome-shaped valve faces and degree of elevation of the ocelli, respectively. In this study, we established 4 strains of P. laevis isolated from freshwaters or coastal areas in Japan and the United States, and tracked the formation of newly formed valves with the fluorescent SDVspecific dye PDMPO in culture under several salinity conditions. The result clearly demonstrated the morphological plasticity of the valves, controlled by environmental salinity. The laevis form and polymorpha form valves were produced at salinities of 2 and 7, respectively. The salinity thresholds dictating the morphological plasticity of the valve were consistent in all 4 strains. A similar morphology to the polymorpha form was reproduced in a freshwater medium with the addition of sorbitol, suggesting that osmotic pressure plays a key role in this morphological plasticity. The highly reproducible and easily manipulated change in morphology makes this diatom an ideal model for lab experiments focusing on the molecular and genetic factors involved with valve morphogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Morphological plasticity in response to salinity change in the euryhaline diatom Pleurosira laevis (Bacillariophyta)

Kamakura

Ashworth

Yamada

et al. 2022

Journal of Phycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The chlorosity in the canal was much higher than in the estuary in both months . Al-Saadi et al (1979a), Sarker et al (1980) and Antoine & Al-Saadi (1982) also reported such results in the canal and the estuary . Domestic sewage disposal into the canal markedly increases its chloride content .…”

Section: Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Al-Saadi et al (1979a) and Antoine & Al-Saadi (1982) also recorded higher transparency in the estuary than in the canal . Turbidity in the canal is mainly related to the high algal population (Antoine & Al-Saadi 1982) as well as to sewage disposal .…”

Section: Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pollution on phytoplankton in the Ashar Canal, a highly polluted canal of the Shatt al-Arab Estuary at Basrah, Iraq

Saad

Antoine

1983

Hydrobiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of pollution on the phytoplankton in the Ashar Canal was studied during March and June 1976 . Higher temperatures were recorded in June . The canal water was more turbid than that of the adjoining Shatt al-Arab estuary due to high algal populations and sewage disposal . The chlorosity values were remarkably high in the canal, due to sewage disposal . The flood waters in June lowered the chlorosity in both estuary and canal . Sewage disposal into the canal decreased its dissolved oxygen content . The lower oxygen values in the estuary in June were accompanied with higher temperatures . The pH values were generally higher in the estuary and were also higher in June than in March .Eighty-six algal taxa were recorded, 45 of which were diatoms . The phytoplankton in the estuary was more abundant in March, due to the increase in currents and turbidity in June . The Chlorophyta, Conjugatophyta, Myxophyta and Bacillariophyta in the estuary showed reverse seasonal trends from those of the total phytoplankton . These algae seemed to flourish during periods of high temperatures . The dense blue-green algae recorded in June is attributed to the high temperature and dissolved organic matter . The Chrysophyta recorded high populations in the estuary in March and were totally absent in June . Lower temperatures and high transparency in March might have led to their relative abundance .The total phytoplankton in the Ashar Canal followed two different seasonal trends, one resembling and the other differing from those in the estuary . The disposal of domestic sewage and agricultural wastes in the canal seemed to lead to such adverse seasonal variations . The diatoms only dominated the phytoplankton at one station in both months . The sewage and agricultural wastes disposal seemed to favour the abundance of the other phyla than the diatoms . Increased organic load in the canal has led to a considerable increase in the Myxophyta in June . Blooms of Chlamydomonas sp . and Euglena acus increased the phytoplankton densities in March at stations II and IV, respectively . Benthic or periphytic algae were found in the phytoplankton populations . Raised salinity seemed to restrict the distribution of the planktonic diatom Bacillaria paradoxa . Among the noticeable widespread planktonic algae in the study area are Dinobryon sertularia, Pediastrum duplex and P . simplex .

show abstract

“…The importance of benthic algae in Iraqi aquatic ecosystems was subjected to investigations recently [1]- [4]. Many authors have previously recognized benthic algae as bioindicators in different aquatic ecosystems of Iraq [5]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The abundance of diatomic algae was also observed in different studies. The abundance of some diatomic species may reflect the status of the aquatic ecosystem such as the trophic status [11] or extent of organic pollution [1] [5] and to water quality [3]. Many authors have pointed out the abundance of diatoms and explained that the diatomic algae had the ability to alter the conditions of their environment, but their community structure responded to altered physicochemical and biological variables in the ecosystem [12]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Contribution to the Epipelic Algal Ecology in Lotic Ecosystem of Iraq

Hassan¹,

Shaawiat²

2015

JEP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study was conducted on epipleic diatoms in a lotic ecosystem. The Al-Shamiyah River was selected which is a distance from industrial activities. Four sites along the river were selected for sampling during the period from March 2013 to February 2014. A total of 173 species of epipelic diatoms were identified. The pennate diatoms predominated and represented about 92.49% of the total diatoms, while centric diatoms formed only 7.51%. The total number of diatoms ranged between 185.1-422.34 cell × 10 4 /cm 2. Some of the pennate diatom species were Achnanthes affinis Grunow , Achnanthes mintussima Küetzing, Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cleve, Cymbella affinis Küetzing, Diatoma vulgare Bory, Fragilaria capucina Desmazieres , Gomphonema angustatum var. productu Grun., Navicula lanceolata (Ag.) Kuetzing, Navicula radiosa Küetzing, Navicula viridula Küetzing, Nitzschia palea (Kutz.) W. Smith, Nitzschia romana Grunow. The physicochemical and epipelic algae species indicated that the water quality of the river was clean to moderate water quality.

show abstract

Algological Investigations in the Polluted Ashar Canal and Shatt al‐Arab in Basrah (Iraq)

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Morphological plasticity in response to salinity change in the euryhaline diatom Pleurosira laevis (Bacillariophyta)

Morphological plasticity in response to salinity change in the euryhaline diatom Pleurosira laevis (Bacillariophyta)

Effect of pollution on phytoplankton in the Ashar Canal, a highly polluted canal of the Shatt al-Arab Estuary at Basrah, Iraq

A Contribution to the Epipelic Algal Ecology in Lotic Ecosystem of Iraq

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About