Alginate poly and oligosaccharide (AOS) from Sargassum sp. as immunostimulant in gnotobiotic artemia challenge tests and antibacterial diffusion disc assay against pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. harveyi

Abstract

Alginate is a polysaccharide derived from Sargassum sp. and is a potent immunostimulant with antibacterial activity, including against Vibrio spp. This genus of bacteria is found in freshwater and marine environments and is a common infectious, pathogenic bacteria both for aquatic cultivans and humans. Here, we determined the ability of sodium alginate polysaccharides and oligosaccharides (AOS) to act as immunostimulants in Artemia challenge tests and antibacterial diffusion disc assays against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. harveyi. The AOS was produced by thermal heating. Dry sodium alginates were weighed out from 4.21 to 6.47 grams with a yield varying from 21.05 to 32.35%. Alginate polysaccharides were challenged against V harveyi and showed 8 positive results. The highest inhibitor zone was 12.962±3.623 mm. Based on 18 tests, AOS showed 12 positive results, with the highest inhibitor zone being 10.250±0.09 mm. The encapsulated alginate against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, and the non-challenged tests without any Vibrio spp. addition resulted in the best concentrations of 800 ppm (polysaccharide) and 600 ppm (oligosaccharide), respectively. The lower concentration of oligosaccharides alginate were more effective and has the potential to be superior as an antibacterial agent and immunestimulant, as opposed to alginate polysaccharide.

Alginate Co-probiotics Bioencapsulation Facilitates Artemia to Improve Immune Parameters, Gene Expression, Feed Digestibility and Resistance Against Vibrio spp

“…L. bulgaricus in our trial may act similar response in our trials even though the experiments from Talwalkar and Kailasapathy (2003) indicated that different oxygen induction remained unaffected by the metabolic and biochemical changes, including SOD activity. Based on our investigation about bacterial challenges, the application of Artemia as a bio model is well-de ned (Yudiati et al 2021;Yudiati et al 2022). So therefore, the easiness, economically viable, and simple administration, nonselective lter feeder of Artemia (Crustacea) can be valuable information to be adapted for the shrimp culture (Crustacea).…”

Antibiotic Resistance in Vibrio spp. Causing Disease in Barramundi Fish (Lates Calcarifer) Eye

“…Care should be taken not to pour too little or too much. Then, the solidified media was wrapped and placed in sterilized plastic (Yudiati et al, 2022). 2.4 Antibiotic activity testing on Vibrio sp.…”

Oral supplementation of low alginate dose in diet stimulates immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei at concrete circle pond mass culture

“…As a result, shrimp farming has observed issues related stress-stimulated disease caused by declining pond circumstances prevalence. Our previous study reported that innate immunity is highly related to disease resistance [5], [9]. Furthermore, preventing pathogen aggregation and increasing shrimp resistance to pathogens are the crucial aspects.…”