Alginate-Derivative Encapsulated Carbon Coated Manganese-Ferrite Nanodots for Multimodal Medical Imaging

Abstract

Carbon-decorated ferrite nanodots (MNF@Cs) have been enhanced with superparamagnetism and higher fluorescence quantum yield by encapsulation with an alginate derivative to create a cost-effective and less toxic multimodal contrast agent for replacing the conventional heavy metal Gd-containing contrast agent used in MR imaging. The novel surface-engineered particles (MNF@C-OSAs), devoid of labels, can simultaneously provide both longitudinal and transverse relaxation-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence emission. According to the findings of in vitro studies, the calculated molar relaxivities and the molar radiant efficiencies are indicative of the multimodal efficacy of MNF@C-OSA as compared with MNF@C particles and conventional contrast agents used in medical imaging. MNF@C-OSAs were shown to be significantly biocompatible and negligibly toxic when assessed against A549 cells and zebrafish embryos, indicating their potential for use as theranostic agents.

Niosomal Bupropion: Exploring Therapeutic Frontiers through Behavioral Profiling

“…Totals of 5.8 × 10 5 and 7.6 × 10 5 of V79 and PC12 cells per mL were seeded in a 48-well plate and subjected to incubation for 24 h. Upon incubation, the cells were treated with the prepared formulations in the concentration of 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM, and further incubated for 24 h. The MTT at the concentration of 5 mg/mL was added in a dark condition to all the wells and incubated for 4 h. The formed formazan crystal was then dissolved using DMSO and the OD was recorded at 570 nm. The percentage of cell viability was calculated according to the procedure by Girigoswami et al [ 64 ]. For assessing the viability of the cells, the dual staining method that involves AO and EBr at a concentration of 100 µg/mL was used.…”

“…A hemolysis assay was performed to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the prepared samples following the protocol of the previous study with slight modifications [ 64 ]. The experiments were conducted following the ethical clearance from the Institutional Human Ethical Committee (IHEC)—registration no, IHEC-II/0432/23.…”

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“…Surface functionalization of nanomaterials to improve their biocompatibility and bioavailability and target specific cancerous cells has been widely used [24][25][26][27]. By introducing additional negative charges into the lattice, including the ratio of different polymorph or inducing defects, the properties of MoS 2 can be altered to enhance its solubility in various solvents, while the polymeric solutions widen the applications such as a sensor material in developing sensitive and selective nanosensors [28].…”

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“…Over the past few years, theranostic nanomaterials that can simultaneously track and cure diseases have been extensively studied because monitoring, biocompatibility, biodistribution, and therapeutic potentials of the administered therapeutic agent, as well as detecting the target tissue, have been addressed by the theranostic particles [ 3 – 5 ]. Several polymeric nanodevices have been developed for the delivery of drugs and genes against cancer, besides for imaging and tracking tumor cells through specific biomarkers [ 6 ]. There are numerous linear polymers that have been accepted in various clinical applications, including polyethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) [ 7 , 8 ].…”