Algal associations of <i>Tricolia pullus, Lacuna vincta</i> and <i>Cerithiopsis tubercularis</i> (Gastropoda) with special reference to the settlement of their larvae

Fretter, Vera; Manly, R.

doi:10.1017/s0025315400026084

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The most common genus of foliose alga in each part of each transect is indicated algae. Such animals are rissoids, which are found amongst algae in some areas, and are common amongst coralline algae in other parts of the world (Wigham 1975;Fretter and Manly 1977).…”

Section: Effects On the Structure Of Intertidal Communities In New Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interactions between algae and grazing gastropods on the structure of a low-shore intertidal algal community

1981

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At low levels on shores in New South Wales, foliose algae are abundant and often occupy all substrata; microalgal grazing gastropods are rare or absent. At higher levels, foliose algae are sparse or absent and grazing gastropods are abundant. Hypotheses for the causes of the lower vertical limits of distribution of these grazers include the effects of increased predation or the deleterious physiological effects of increased period of submergence at lower levels on the shore. Alternatively, the presence of the algae, because they occupy space and deprive the grazers of substratum for feeding, may prevent the downward movement, or survival of the grazers at low levels. Under the first two of these hypotheses, algae are able to colonize and grow in low-shore areas as an indirect result of factors which remove grazers. Under the third hypothesis, the algae are directly responsible for the lack of grazers.Experimental clearings of the low-shore algae and introductions of the mid-shore limpets Cellana tramoserica and Siphonaria denticulata were used to test these hypotheses. C. tramoserica grazes microalgae and removes them from the substratum, preventing colonization. S. denticulata, in contrust, crops the algae, leaving a visible cover of algae on the substratum, which can grow rapidly. Because of its method of feeding, S. denticulata had no measurable impact on the rates of colonization, nor on the dry weights of algae, compared with those of ungrazed areas. C. tramoserica could keep cleared areas tree from foliose algae, but only when the limpets were mainfained in great density (10 per 900 cm). They were less effective where wave-action was greater.Neither species of limpets could survive when placed onto beds of mature algae, because they had no substratum on which to cling and were swept away by the waves. C. tramoserica did not invade clearings below their lower limit of distribution where they had to move over a bed of foliose algae. Few C. tramoserica moved directly downshore into cleared areas. When placed on bare rock within low-shore beds of algae of different ages, S. denticulata remained amongst the algae and maintained their tissue-weights. Few C. tramoserica remained in areas with well-developed algae, compared with areas having sparse algal growth. Those Cellana which remained amongst well-developed algae lost weight, whereas limpets in areas with less algal growth mammtained their weights. In experimental cages in low-shore beds of algae, where the limpets were inaccessible to potential predators, C. tramoserica lost weight and died. On cleared areas they survived for many weeks, but lost weight and died as algae grew and covered the substratum. In the absence of predation, the micro-algal grazer C. tramoserica could not survive in lowshore areas because algae grew too fast and occupied the substratum, making it inaccessible for the limpets to graze; the algae, once grown beyond small sporelings, are not a suitable food-source for C. tramoserica, and the loss of weight and death of these limpets is a...

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Section: Effects On the Structure Of Intertidal Communities In New Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interactions between algae and grazing gastropods on the structure of a low-shore intertidal algal community

1981

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“…Although grazing by sea urchins (Lawrence 1975, Mann 1982b, Hagen 1983) and a few gastropods (Fretter & Manly 1977, Toth & Pavia 2002a are important exceptions, most of the standing stock in temperate kelp beds is not grazed, but released as particulate organic matter, POM (Mann 1982, Hay & Steinberg 1992. Several factors that prevent animals from eating various algae have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic importance of Laminaria hyperborea to kelp forest consumers and the importance of bacterial degradation to food quality

Norderhaug¹,

Fredriksen²,

Nygaard³

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

137

115

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The nutritional value of kelp Laminaria hyperborea (Gunn.) Foslie and the importance of bacterial degradation in making kelp available to consumers were tested by no-choice feeding experiments. Fresh and dead kelp material degraded in situ was sampled. In the laboratory, fresh kelp was degraded for 3, 14 and 44 d by kelp associated bacterial communities under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The fresh and degraded kelp products were fed to the kelp associated amphipods Jassa falcata, Lembos websteri, Ampithoe rubricata and Gammarus locusta and the gastropod Rissoa parva. None of the amphipods tested could survive or grow on fresh kelp, but bacterial degradation decreased the C:N ratio and the phlorotannin content and made kelp available as food. In contrast, the gastropod survived on both fresh and degraded kelp.

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“…Small herbivorous gastropods of the genus Lacuna have been the object of studies on population biology and reproduction conducted along the coasts of England (Smith 1973, Fretter and Manly 1977, Grahame /977, Southgate 1982, Grahame 1986, the northwest Atlantic (Waddell 1973, Russell-Hunter and McMahon 1975, Thomas and Page 1983, Johnson and Mann 1986, Maney and Ebersole 1990 and California, USA (Langan 1984). The present recruitment study, conducted on the west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada, was initiated following the observation that the Macrocystis canopy is one of the habitats used extensively at settlement by larvae of Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oviposition, larval abundance, in situ larval growth and recruitment of the herbivorous gastropodLacuna vincta in kelp canopies in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island (British Columbia)

Martel

Chia

1991

Mar. Biol.

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Abstract. We investigated recruitment of the herbivorous gastropod Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803) in the canopies of Macrocystis integrifolia and Nereocystis luetkeana beds in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island (British Colombia), from 1987 to 1989. Four factors influencing intensity and patterns of recruitment were studied: (1) seasonality of oviposition, (2) larval abundance, (3) growth of larvae in the field and (4) larval settlement. Egg masses were abundant on low intertidal algae but were scarce in kelp canopies. Although egg masses could be found almost year-round, a distinct and intense period of oviposition occurred during winter and spring. Intracapsular development lasted 2.5 to 3.5wk before planktotrophic veligers emerged. The duration of the planktonic period, 7 to 9 wk, was determined through an in situ study of cohorts of Lacuna spp. larvae present in the plankton between January and June 1988. The general timing of the onset of the spring peak recruitment period was predicted from these cohorts. Primary periods of recruitment of L. vincta in the canopy occurred in April-May (average density up to 383.9 juveniles m -2 blades), with a second period of lower intensity in the late summer-fall period. We observed similar trends between abundance of advanced larvae (> 500 #m) in the plankton and recruitment rates in kelp canopies. Although adults were occasionally observed in the canopy, newly metamorphosed juveniles consistently dominated the habitat. The persistance of small juveniles (0.7 to 1.5 mm), rapid declines in density shortly after recruitment, and SCUBA observations of drifting individuals suggest that juveniles migrate to the under-canopy or low intertidal area after a brief period of growth on kelp blades.

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Algal associations of Tricolia pullus, Lacuna vincta and Cerithiopsis tubercularis (Gastropoda) with special reference to the settlement of their larvae

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of interactions between algae and grazing gastropods on the structure of a low-shore intertidal algal community

Effects of interactions between algae and grazing gastropods on the structure of a low-shore intertidal algal community

Trophic importance of Laminaria hyperborea to kelp forest consumers and the importance of bacterial degradation to food quality

Oviposition, larval abundance, in situ larval growth and recruitment of the herbivorous gastropodLacuna vincta in kelp canopies in Barkley Sound, Vancouver Island (British Columbia)

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