Algae-mediated synthesis of biogenic nanoparticles

Abstract

In recent era, green trend of synthesising biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) is a sustainable, safe, environment-friendly, and relatively inexpensive substitute to conservative routes of NPs making. Biosynthesis route showcases significant properties such as the absence of poisonous chemical compounds used as stabilising or reducing agents, lack of toxic yields generated from the process, reduced energy consumption, inexpensiveness, and high scalability. This has made green synthesis methods more attractive than other traditional methods. Synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs) using algae extracts is a substantiating ecological, simple, low-priced biosynthesis process. The secondary metabolites from algae have been reported to reduce metal precursors to nanoparticles (metal, metal oxide, or bimetallic NPs). Moreover, they cap and stabilise. Depending on the site of NP formation, synthesis could occur intra or extra-cellularly. Among the varied series of algae mediated synthesis, the most commonly biosynthesised NPs are silver, gold, copper oxide, cuprous oxide and zinc oxide. The algal biosynthesised NPs have been reviewed for numerous biomedical applications, which comprise anti-cancerous, anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, bioremediation, and biosensing activities. The current review draws the major stress on the basis behind the algal-mediated biosynthesis of metallic and metallic oxide NPs from various algae. Furthermore, special attention to critical understanding of biosynthesis mechanism of NPs from algae and their biomedical applications has been reviewed critically.

Recent developments in phycosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for biomedicine and environmental applications

“…Although they lack the fundamental | Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology structure of plants, such as possessing roots and leaves [9]. Algae-mediated synthesis of ZnO NPs can be done either intracellularly or extracellularly [10]. It is feasible as the enzymes, biochemicals, and other reducing compounds that are already present in the algae can work against the metal precursor that has been supplied [11].…”

New Insight on the Cytoprotective/Antioxidant Pathway Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Modulation by Ulva intestinalis Extract and Its Selenium Nanoparticles in Rats with Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema

“…Due to its affordability and biosafety, green nanotechnology has recently received a lot of attention in the field of nanoparticle synthesis [ 36 ]. Gold, silver, copper oxide, and zinc oxide are the most often biosynthesized NPs out of the many series of algae-mediated synthesis [ 37 ]. A few studies have so far documented the use of green seaweed (marine algae) for the synthesis of Se-NPs [ 38 ].…”

In vitro Assessment of Ulva lactuca Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles (USeNPs) through Elevating the Action of Ketoconazole Antibiotic against Pathogenic Yeast Species and Wound Healing Capacity through Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase (Cox-1) Activity

“…The biological approach is the cleanest and safest of all the procedures (Chugh et al, 2021). The green trend of nanoparticles synthesis is a self-sustaining, secure, eco-friendly, and relatively low-cost alternative to standard nanoparticles manufacturing methods (Youssef et al, 2019;Jain, 2022).…”

“…The biological approach has beneficial characteristics such as the absence of hazardous compounds such as stabilizers or reductants, the absence of harmful returns, low energy consumption, and the capacity to produce on a large scale, making green synthesis methods more appealing and preferred (Jain, 2022). Because of their high biosafety and effectiveness in creating nanoparticles with attractive bioactive characteristics, the use of algal biomass/extracts as precursors in nanoparticles synthesis is becoming increasingly prevalent (Hifney et al, 2022;Makhlof et al, 2022;Touliabah et al, 2022;Abo-Neima et al, 2023).…”

“…Secondary metabolites from algae have been demonstrated to reduce metal precursors to nanoparticles; additionally, the natural components of algae act as capping and stabilizing agents in the conversion of metal compounds to metal, metal oxides, or bimetallic nanoparticles (Jain, 2022;Sampath et al, 2022). Phycosynthesized nanoparticles have already been evaluated for anti-cancer, anti-fouling, anti-microbial, and bioremediation activities (El-Sheekh et al, 2021;Jain, 2022;Abo-Neima et al, 2023).…”