Alfons Maria Jakob (1884–1931), Neuropathologist par Excellence

Triarhou, Lazaros C.

doi:10.1159/000175123

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Creutzfeldt's case report described a 22-year-old woman who presented with tremors, unsteady gait, involuntary eye movements, jerking limbs, and dementia who died one year after the onset of symptoms [1]. The following year, in 1921, physician Alfons Maria Jakob wrote four case reports on patients with similar symptoms, adding histopathological observations of nerve cell-loss and a characteristic "sponge-like" appearance of brain tissue [2]. It is from these early reports of rapidly-progressive dementia with specific pathological findings that the disease was eponymized with the names of the two physician scientists who first described it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: In-hospital demographics report of national data in the United States from 2016 and review of a rapidly-progressive case

Kotkowski

Cabot

Lacci

et al. 2020

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

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Background: This report highlights a rapidly progressive case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) whose time from symptom onset to death spanned less than two months. We also explore the most recently available inpatient demographics data for discharges with CJD in the United States. Methods:We reviewed a CJD case and systematically analyzed a retrospective cohort of CJD discharges using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) to evaluate the existing national data on the status of CJD demographics and dispositions in the United States in 2016.Results: An estimated total of 710 hospital discharges with a diagnosis of CJD were seen across the United States in 2016. According to HCUP, the average age of patients was 66.15 ± 11.54 years with 48.6 % female. Average time to intubation from admission to hospital was 4.71 ± 7.32 days with a rate of intubation of 6.34 %. The mean hospital cost was $19,901.25 ± $18,743.48. The rate of in-hospital mortality was 8.45 %. No significant geographical differences were noted (p = 0.49). No significant differences were seen among incidence in specific ethnic groups (p = 0.33) or income quartiles (p = 0.90).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: In-hospital demographics report of national data in the United States from 2016 and review of a rapidly-progressive case

Kotkowski

Cabot

Lacci

et al. 2020

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

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“…The great anatomists of the early 20th century (Vogt, 1903 , cited in Triarhou, 2009 ) recognized that the human cerebral cortex was not homogeneous. Vogt ( 1903 ) named the six-layered cortex, isocortex (homogeneous cortex), which made much of the cortex in the brain.…”

Section: Introduction and Historical Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Periallocortex: Layer Pattern in Presubiculum, Parasubiculum and Entorhinal Cortex. A Review

et al. 2017

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The cortical mantle is not homogeneous, so that three types of cortex can be distinguished: allocortex, periallocortex and isocortex. The main distinction among those three types is based on morphological differences, in particular the number of layers, overall organization, appearance, etc., as well as its connectivity. Additionally, in the phylogenetic scale, this classification is conserved among different mammals. The most primitive and simple cortex is the allocortex, which is characterized by the presence of three layers, with one cellular main layer; it is continued by the periallocortex, which presents six layers, although with enough differences in the layer pattern to separate three different fields: presubiculum (PrS), parasubiculum (PaS), and entorhinal cortex (EC). The closest part to the allocortex (represented by the subiculum) is the PrS, which shows outer (layers I–III) and inner (V–VI) principal layers (lamina principalis externa and lamina principalis interna), both separated by a cell poor band, parallel to the pial surface (layer IV or lamina dissecans). This layer organization is present throughout the anterior-posterior axis. The PaS continues the PrS, but its rostrocaudal extent is shorter than the PrS. The organization of the PaS shows the layer pattern more clearly than in the PrS. Up to six layers are recognizable in the PaS, with layer IV as lamina dissecans between superficial (layers I–III) and deep (V–VI) layers, as in the PrS. The EC presents even more clearly the layer pattern along both mediolateral and rostrocaudal extent. The layer pattern is a thick layer I, layer II in islands, layer III medium pyramids, layer IV as lamina dissecans (not present throughout the EC extent), layer V with dark and big pyramids and a multiform layer VI. The EC borders laterally the proisocortex (incomplete type of isocortex). Variations in the appearance of its layers justify the distinction of subfields in the EC, in particular in human and nonhuman primates. EC layers are not similar to those in the neocortex. The transition between the periallocortical EC and isocortex is not sharp, so that the proisocortex forms an intervening cortex, which fills the gap between the periallocortex and the isocortex.

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“…It is also probably due to the prominent figure that doctor Jakob represented for Brazil. From May to July 1928, he gave a 20-lecture course in Rio de Janeiro on nervous pathology, as well as in São Paulo and Campinas 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, both Jakob and Creutzfeldt had studied under Alois Alzheimer's supervision, in different units led by him. Creutzfeldt 2 in Breslau and Jakob in Munich 6 . In 1913, Creutzfeldt studied the clinical picture and pathological brain changes of a previously unknown disease in a patient at the Breslau University's Neurology Unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The controversial Third Reich history of Hans Creutzfeldt: was he a supporter or just another adept of the “hand washing policy”?

Carrilho

Nitrini

2021

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy whose initial description is associated with two German authors, Alfons Maria Jakob and Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt. As polemic as the issue about the Creutzfeldt’s merit in the first description of the disease, is his history during the Third Reich. Some evidence pointed to the idea that he was essentially against the Nazi ideology, though some did not. He was an official member of the SS, but his own wife was convicted by a Nazi court. Some authors have argued that Creutzfeldt helped save many patients during Aktion T4 operation, but, in fact, he could have done more. Even during the post-war period, he sent a letter to authorities reporting the name of a Nazi physician who worked as a medical reviewer at the euthanasia court, but he did not proceed any further when his letter initially failed to start an investigation.

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Alfons Maria Jakob (1884–1931), Neuropathologist par Excellence

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: In-hospital demographics report of national data in the United States from 2016 and review of a rapidly-progressive case

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: In-hospital demographics report of national data in the United States from 2016 and review of a rapidly-progressive case

The Human Periallocortex: Layer Pattern in Presubiculum, Parasubiculum and Entorhinal Cortex. A Review

The controversial Third Reich history of Hans Creutzfeldt: was he a supporter or just another adept of the “hand washing policy”?

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