Alfaxalone or ketamine-medetomidine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy: a comparison of intra-operative parameters and post-operative pain

Guerrero, Karin S Kalchofner; Reichler, Iris M; Schwarz, Andrea; Jud, Rahel; Hässig, Michael; Bettschart‐Wolfensberger, Regula

doi:10.1111/vaa.12157

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(43 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…With respect to the operating procedure prior to the measuring period, analgesia was regarded as sufficient when HR was not increasing and no reaction could be detected by pinching the well-innervated nose septum with fingernails. Neither propofol nor alfaxalone have notable analgesic properties; consequently, to perform surgical procedures (insertion of vascular catheters), these drugs must be combined with analgesics [25,26]. Remifentanil, a µ-receptor opioid agonist, was chosen for use in this study due to its extremely short duration of action (ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Alfaxalone and Propofol in Pigs

Baumgartner¹,

Brandl²,

Pfeiffer³

et al. 2015

SOJAPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The hemodynamic effects of alfaxalone and propofol on the cardiovascular system during anesthetic maintenance in experimental medicine were investigated in pigs using a Pulse Contour-Derived Cardiac Output (Picco) thermodilution monitoring device. Animals: In this prospective experimental study, six (alfaxalone) and seven (propofol) female Landrace pigs weighing 32.5±3.7 kg each were examined. Procedures: Sedation was induced by administering ketamine, azaperone and atropine intramuscularly, and anesthesia was induced and maintained IV by treatment with either alfaxalone or propofol. Analgesia was achieved via pre-emptive metamizole in combination with transient remifentanil for vascular catheterization. For 2.5 hours, the following parameters were recorded every 15 min: heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, end-tidal CO 2 , rectal body temperature and central venous pressure. In addition, blood pressure, cardiac output, contractility, preload and afterload volumetric variables and extravascular lung water were recorded every 15 minutes by the PiCCO system. After these measurements were acquired, the pigs were allowed to awaken; each pig's recovery period was recorded until the animal could stand. Results: Overall, blood pressure and cardiac output were higher in the alfaxalone group than in the propofol group. However no significant differences between the groups were detected. Recovery was smoother and less variable with propofol than with alfaxalone, which produce either excitation with a rapid recovery or persistent muscle relaxation followed by a prolonged and variable recovery period. Conclusions and clinical relevance-This study indicates that alfaxalone (at the dosages studied) tends to produce higher hemodynamic stability than propofol for anesthesia maintenance in pigs but recovery from alfaxalone may be rougher than recovery from propofol.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Alfaxalone and Propofol in Pigs

Baumgartner¹,

Brandl²,

Pfeiffer³

et al. 2015

SOJAPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Contudo, os mesmos não necessitaram de intervenção farmacológica (CAMPAGNA et al, 2015). O que condiz com o apresentado por Guerrero et al (2014) para o uso de alfaxalona. No entanto os autores afirmam que esse efeito provavelmente se deu pela opção do uso isolado do fármaco e indica que associações de classes devem ser realizadas a fim de evitar esse efeito adverso.…”

Section: Anestesia Total Intravenosa Com Alfaxalonaunclassified

“…Também em protocolo multimodal para tratamento da dor a alfaxalona comparada com a cetamina atingiu escores menores de dor em escala validada para gatas submetidas a ovariohisterectomia (BUISMAN et al, 2016). No entanto, quando utilizadas sem um protocolo multimodal, a alfaxalona não foi efetiva para o controle da dor no mesmo procedimento em gatas, ao contrário do apresentado pela cetamina associada a medetomidina (GUERRERO et al, 2014). Mesmo que utilizado meloxicam no pós-operatório de gatas submetidas a ovariohisterectomia com protocolo de alfaxalona isoladamente, o controle da dor não ocorre de maneira adequada, não impedindo o desenvolvimento de hiperalgesia (GUERRERO et al, 2014).…”

Section: Analgesia Com Alfaxalonaunclassified

O Uso De Alfaxalona Em Pequenos Animais

Santos¹,

Fontanela²,

Taffarel³

2018

Enci Bio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMOA alfaxalona é um esteroide neuroativo sintético capaz de induzir a anestesia por meio da ativação de receptores de ácido gama-aminobutírico. Tem como efeito adverso mínimo depressão respiratória e cardiovascular. A alfaxalona também não promove crescimento bacteriano. Essa revisão teve por objetivo relatar o uso clínico de alfaxalona em pequenos animais (cães e gatos), através da sua farmacocinética, farmacodinâmica, doses e vias de administração, uso na indução, analgesia promovida, utilização em infusão contínua, como ocorre a recuperação e o uso em cesárias, promovendo o conhecimento sobre esse fármaco e seus benefícios para os veterinários brasileiros. Em conclusão a utilização de alfaxalona na rotina anestésica de pequenos animais possui diversas vantagens, desde que sejam atentados os efeitos adversos para cada individualidade do paciente e ocorra a implantação de um protocolo correto. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: anestesia, cão, gato. THE USE OF ALFAXALONE IN SMALL ANIMALS ABSTRACTAlfaxalone is a synthetic neuroactive steroid capable of inducing anesthesia through the activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors. It has as adverse effect only a minimal respiratory depression, presenting mainly apnea. However, it promotes minimal cardiovascular depression soon after induction. Alfaxalone also does not promote bacterial growth. This review aimed to report the clinical use of alfaxalone in small animals (dogs and cats), through its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, doses and routes of administration, use in induction, promoted analgesia, use in continuous infusion, recovery and use in cesareans. Aiming to promote knowledge about this drug and its benefits for Brazilian veterinarians. In conclusion, the use of alfaxalone in the anesthetic routine of small animals has several advantages, as long as the adverse effects for each individuality of the patient are observed and the implementation of a correct protocol occurs.

show abstract

“…Ketamine combinations are widely used for anaesthesia in cats. 1 It produces a cataleptoid state involving unconsciousness and somatic analgesia but not muscular relaxation. 2 Therefore, ketamine is commonly administered in combination with an α 2 -agonist and an opioid in order to improve muscle relaxation compared with when ketamine is administered alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of intramuscular alfaxalone and ketamine combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration in cats

Khenissi

Nikolayenkova-Topie

Broussaud

et al. 2016

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Cardiorespiratory parameters and anaesthesia quality in cats anaesthetised with either intramuscular (IM) alfaxalone or ketamine both combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration were evaluated. Methods Thirty-two client-owned cats were randomly assigned to receive either alfaxalone (A; 3 mg/kg IM) or ketamine (K; 5 mg/kg IM), combined with dexmedetomidine (10 μg/kg) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (T°) were recorded prior to drug administration. Pulse rate (PR) and RR were recorded 10 (T) and 15 (T) mins after injection (T). Cardiorespiratory values (PR, RR, SPO, blood pressure, P'CO) were recorded every 5 mins for the duration of the procedure. Pain at injection, intubation and recovery were evaluated with simple descriptive scores. Feasibility of anaesthesia was evaluated by the number of top-ups of anaesthetic needed. Cat attitude, ability to walk and presence of ataxia were assessed several times after extubation (T) and the time between injection and extubation recorded. Pain was assessed at T and T with the 4Avet-pain score. Results The RR was significantly lower in group K at T (RR = 28 ±13.35 breaths per minute [brpm], RR= 43.24 ±7.04 brpm) and T (RR = 28 ±11.53 brpm vs RR = 43 ±12.18 brpm). Time to extubation was significantly longer in group A (T = 62 ±14.6 mins, T = 45.13 ± 7.38 mins). Cats in group K needed more top-ups, were more ataxic at T, had a worse recovery score at T and were less willing to walk at T. Conclusions and relevance Cats receiving alfaxalone had a longer but better quality recovery. Cardiorespiratory parameters were stable and within clinically acceptable values following IM injection of either alfaxalone or ketamine in healthy cats. Intramuscular alfaxalone is a suitable alternative to ketamine for short procedures requiring anaesthesia when used in combination with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol.

show abstract

Alfaxalone or ketamine-medetomidine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy: a comparison of intra-operative parameters and post-operative pain

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

A Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Alfaxalone and Propofol in Pigs

A Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Alfaxalone and Propofol in Pigs

O Uso De Alfaxalona Em Pequenos Animais

Comparison of intramuscular alfaxalone and ketamine combined with dexmedetomidine and butorphanol for castration in cats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About