Alexithymia and self-harm: A review of nonsuicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts

Iskric, Adam; Ceniti, Amanda K.; Bergmans, Yvonne; McInerney, Shane; Rizvi, Sakina J.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112920

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…It is difficult for them to perceive and understand the communication and behavior of others, which aggravates the interpersonal problems and leads to a decline in social support. Social isolation is considered to be one of the strongest predictors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts ( 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Life Events in Chinese Adolescents With Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Wang

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Objectives: The incidence of psychological and behavioral problems and depression among adolescents is increasing year by year, which has become an important public health problem. Alexithymia, as an important susceptible factor of adolescent depression, may continue to develop and strengthen under the stimulation of COVID-19-related stressors. However, no studies have focused on alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic in China. This study aims to investigate the incidence and related factors of alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic.Methods: Three hundred adolescent patients were enrolled from October 2020 to May 2021. The general demographic information of all participants was collected, and the clinical characteristics were assessed by the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check (ASLEC) List, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory.Results: The incidence of alexithymia was significantly higher among adolescents with depression (76.45%) during the pandemic. There were significant differences in school bullying, disease severity, ASLEC score, CTQ score and PANSI score between adolescents with and without alexithymia. In addition, learning stress, health and adaptation problems during the pandemic may be influential factors in alexithymia of adolescent depression (P < 0.05).Conclusions: According to the results, we found a high incidence of alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic. More support and attention from families, schools and society is needed to develop preventive and targeted psychological interventions as early as possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Correlates of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Life Events in Chinese Adolescents With Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Wang

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…A high level of ER can be regarded as an early warning signal when an individual is ineffective in coping with external pressure, which indicates that an individual is ineffective in coping with negative emotions for a long time (52). As such, individuals who were accompanied with high levels of ER are supposed to have limited ability to recognize and implement coping strategies for bearing misery or solving problems, and thereby are eager to release themselves from the aversive experiences and negative emotions quickly by adopting the negative coping strategy of NSSI (17,58). Also, it is proved that NSSI is an effective method that helps individuals to regulate their negative emotional experiences in the short term (59).…”

Section: Figure 2 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion Reactivity and Suicide Risk in Patients With Depression: The Mediating Role of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Moderating Role of Childhood Neglect

et al. 2021

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Background: The association between emotion reactivity (ER) and suicide risk has been confirmed in recent studies, especially in patients with depression. However, there is a lack of understanding of the underlying mechanism of the relation from ER to suicide risk among patients with depression. This study planned to examine a model of how ER, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and childhood neglect (CN) interact to affect suicide risk in depressed patients.Methods: Four hundred and ninety-six patients (64.5% female, mean age = 30.40 years, SD = 12.56) who have accomplished self-rating instruments of ER, NSSI, CN, and suicide risk were included.Results: Findings showed that ER was positively connected with suicide risk, and NSSI partially mediated the above connection. Besides, CN moderated the mediation model, that is, the mediation effect was more pronounced in depressed patients with CN compared to depressed patients without CN.Conclusions: It was concluded that there is a relationship among ER, NSSI, CN, and suicide risk in patients with depression, and it strengthens our knowledge of the mechanism behind suicide risk. Our findings emphasize that the identification of NSSI and CN should be considered when assessing the suicide risk of patients with depression, as well as the intervention focus on emotion regulation and support for patients.

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“…de Bruin et al (2019) showed that substance use disorder (SUD) patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more alexithymic than SUD patients without PTSD. Iskric et al (2020) suggest that alexithymia is related to non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation. Passardi et al (2019) indicated that alexithymia played an essential role in facial emotion recognition of negative emotions in PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Support for the Psychometric Properties of the Farsi Version of Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire

et al. 2021

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Alexithymia is defined as the lack of words to describe emotions and is associated with different psychopathologies. Various tools have been developed for measuring alexithymia; each has its limitations. A new questionnaire, Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ), was developed to simultaneously assess positive and negative dimensions. Validation of such a tool in different cultures allows cross-cultural health psychology studies and facilitates knowledge transfer in the field. We aimed to examine the psychometric features of the PAQ in the Farsi-speaking population in Iran. Four-hundred-twenty-nine university students were asked to complete the PAQ, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ). Concurrent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability and factor structure were investigated. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a five-factor model identical to the original questionnaire. The questionnaire indicated good internal consistency (0.82 < α < 0.94). Test-retest reliability was acceptable for all subscales. The correlations between PAQ and its subscales with BDI-II, BAI, and TAS, and expression suppression subscale of ERQ were strong for concurrent validity. Concerning the discriminant validity, PAQ and its subscales were not correlated with reappraisal subscales of ERQ. The present findings suggest that the Farsi version of PAQ has strong psychometric properties and is appropriate for use in the Farsi-speaking population.

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Alexithymia and self-harm: A review of nonsuicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts

Cited by 60 publications

References 152 publications

Prevalence and Correlates of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Life Events in Chinese Adolescents With Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Prevalence and Correlates of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Life Events in Chinese Adolescents With Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Emotion Reactivity and Suicide Risk in Patients With Depression: The Mediating Role of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Moderating Role of Childhood Neglect

Further Support for the Psychometric Properties of the Farsi Version of Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire

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