Alexia with agraphia in multiple sclerosis

Day, Timothy; Fisher, Anthony; Mastaglia, Frank

doi:10.1016/0022-510x(87)90047-5

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Our study describes the largest cohort to date and found a prevalence of 0.81%, suggesting that this symptom is not as rare in MS as previously thought. Acute aphasia occurring during a relapse of the disease has to be distinguished from chronic language disorders in MS.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…1,4,5 Moreover, a previous report described a case of alexia with agraphia, which was not found in our population. 2 Although only 2 of the 22 patients in our study underwent EEG recordings at the onset of aphasia, we did not find any clinical symptoms suggesting focal seizures. In contrast, 5 of the 16 cases reported in the literature had focal seizures documented by EEG studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The second is acute aphasia and has rarely been described in MS: Estimates of its frequency based on several studies range from 0.7 to 3%, but to our knowledge, only 16 case reports have been published in the literature since 1977. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Among these patients, two experienced acute aphasia as the first clinical manifestation of the disease, five presented aphasic status epilepticus documented by EEG, and eight had MRI findings with giant plaques. Our aim was to study the clinical and radiologic characteristics of a multicentric cohort of 22 MS patients with acute aphasia.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Acute aphasia in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2004

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Aphasia is usually considered to be rare in multiple sclerosis (MS). To determine the clinical and radiologic characteristics of MS patients with acute aphasia, the authors investigated data from 2,700 patients from three MS centers and found 22 patients with acute aphasia (0.81%). Aphasia was the first clinical manifestation of MS in eight patients (36%). Brain MRI showed giant plaques in eight cases (40%). A full recovery was observed in 14 patients (64%). Furthermore, acute aphasia did not appear to be a criterion for poor prognosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Acute aphasia in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2004

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“…Kahana et al (1971) and Poser (1978) found the incidence of aphasia to be 1% in their series. Alexia with agraphia (Day et al, 1987) and palinopsia (Jacome, 1985) have also been recorded. In those cases in which imaging has been reported it is clear that large subcortical lesions have been implicated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

2010

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is typically considered to be a chronic inflammatory-demyelinating disease of CNS white matter. In the past decade, however, pathological and MRI studies have shown that lesions are often located in the gray matter, especially in the cerebral cortex. The histopathological characteristics of these cortical lesions differ substantially from lesions located in the white matter, which suggests location-dependent expression of the MS immunopathological process. Double inversion recovery imaging--an MRI technique that selectively images gray matter and lesions--has enabled researchers to image cortical lesions in vivo. Double inversion recovery studies have shown that cortical lesions can be detected at the earliest clinical stages of MS, and cortical lesion burden positively correlates with the severity of physical and cognitive impairments. These gray matter lesions are also independent predictors of subsequent disease evolution. This Review provides a summary of the main histopathological and MRI findings with regard to cortical lesions in MS, and indicates that increasing our understanding of cortical lesions has increased our knowledge of MS pathobiology.

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“…By contrast, lesions associated with agraphia include those affecting the left prefrontal, left dorsolateral frontal, left precentral, left centrum semiovale, left anterior insulo-operculum, left parietal including angular, left inferior temporal, and left parieto-occipital areas [1,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. Further, lesions associated with alexia with agraphia include those affecting the left angular, supramarginal and posterior inferior temporal, and temporo-parietal areas [2,6,16,25,26,27]. One functional MRI study demonstrated that writing activated the left parietal and frontal lobes and the right cerebellum [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to the Upper Portion of Area 19 and the Deep White Matter in the Left Inferior Parietal Lobe, Including the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus, Results in Alexia with Agraphia

Shinoura

Onodera²,

Kurokawa³

et al. 2010

Eur Neurol

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Analysis of lesions and symptoms in patients with brain tumors combined with information from diffusion tensor imaging provides direct evidence of the anatomical localization of brain function. Using these methods, we evaluated 8 patients who underwent surgery for metastatic brain tumors located in the left occipital lobes between 2007 and 2009. Preoperatively, 4 patients (cases 1–4) had alexia with agraphia while the other 4 patients (cases 5–8) did not. Tractography for the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) was performed before surgery in case 1. The common brain tumors in cases 1–4 were located in the upper portion of area 19, and peritumor edema in that area resulted in compromise of the deep white matter of the inferior parietal lobe (IPL). The SLF was compressed and disrupted in the white matter of the IPL near the upper portion of area 19 in case 1. In cases 5–8, the brain tumors were not located in the upper portion of area 19. These results suggest that damage to the upper portion of area 19 and to the white matter in the left IPL, including the SLF, resulted in alexia with agraphia.

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Alexia with agraphia in multiple sclerosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Acute aphasia in multiple sclerosis

Acute aphasia in multiple sclerosis

Cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

Damage to the Upper Portion of Area 19 and the Deep White Matter in the Left Inferior Parietal Lobe, Including the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus, Results in Alexia with Agraphia

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