Alemtuzumab vs. Interferon Beta-1a in Early Multiple Sclerosis

Investigators, Camms; Coles, Alasdair; Compston, D. A. S.; Selmaj, Krzysztof; Lake, Stephen; Moran, Susan; Margolin, David; Norris, Kim; Tandon, Parul

doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802670

Cited by 900 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Interferon-beta may be associated with an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity [7]. Alemtuzumab is associated with an increased risk of Graves’ disease of up to 23% [8]. Given that the adverse effects of medication may be delayed following exposure [9] and are underreported [10], better surveillance methods are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Disease Do Not Differ in the Multiple Sclerosis and General Populations: A Validation Study Using Administrative Data

Marrie¹,

Leung

et al. 2012

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: Prior studies of a possible increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AIT) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are inconsistent. We aimed to validate and apply administrative case definitions for the surveillance of AIT in MS. Methods: We used administrative health data to identify 4,192 persons with MS and an age-, sex- and geographically matched general population cohort (n = 20,940). We developed case definitions for AIT using International Classification of Disease-9/10 codes and prescription claims, compared them to medical records and applied them to estimate the incidence and prevalence of AIT. Results: When compared to medical records, the administrative case definition using ≥1 hospital or ≥2 physician or ≥2 prescription claims had a sensitivity of 73.5% and specificity of 98.4%. In 2005, the age-adjusted prevalence of AIT was 9.51% [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.46–10.6] in the MS population and 8.56% (95% CI 8.11–9.02) in the general population. The age-adjusted incidence of AIT per 100,000 persons per year was 422.8 (95% CI 204.4–641.3) in the MS population and 407.7 (95% CI 308.5–506.9) in the general population. From 1996 to 2005, the prevalence of AIT rose in both populations. Conclusion: Administrative data can be used for surveillance of AIT in MS. The incidence and prevalence of thyroid disease are similar in the MS and general populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Disease Do Not Differ in the Multiple Sclerosis and General Populations: A Validation Study Using Administrative Data

Marrie¹,

Leung

et al. 2012

Neuroepidemiology

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“…However, it has been used in patients with autoimmune demyelinating neuropathies. In multiple sclerosis, a 74% reduction in the risk of relapse compared to an active control has been noted [39]. Favorable responses to alemtuzumab have also been noted in a case report and a small case series in patients with refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy [40,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of Refractory Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Alemtuzumab in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

et al. 2014

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This is the case of a 79-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who presented with Guillain-Barré syndrome with features overlapping with the Miller Fisher syndrome and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis and positive antiganglioside GQ1b antibody about 6 months after treatment with bendamustine and rituximab. His clinical and neurologic condition continued to deteriorate despite sequential treatment with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, but in the end, he had a complete and durable response to treatment with alemtuzumab.

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“…B cells seem to be another important player in MS pathology, as B cell depletion is a successful therapeutic strategy 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. B cells, as well as plasmablasts and plasma cells, are found in lesions and cerebrospinal fluid in most patients with MS, and their numbers correlate with lesion activity 26, 27, 28.…”

Section: Ms and Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western lifestyle and immunopathology of multiple sclerosis

Matveeva

Bogie

Hendriks

et al. 2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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There is increasing evidence for a sudden and unprecedented rise in the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Westernized countries over the past decades, emphasizing the role of environmental factors. Among many candidates, rapid changes in dietary habits seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of MS. Here, we summarize and discuss the available evidence for the role of dietary nutrients, such as table salt, fatty acids, and flavonoids, in the development and pathogenesis of MS. We also discuss new and emerging risk factors accompanying Western lifestyle, such as shift work, sleep, and circadian disruption.

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Alemtuzumab vs. Interferon Beta-1a in Early Multiple Sclerosis

Cited by 900 publications

References 29 publications

The Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Disease Do Not Differ in the Multiple Sclerosis and General Populations: A Validation Study Using Administrative Data

The Incidence and Prevalence of Thyroid Disease Do Not Differ in the Multiple Sclerosis and General Populations: A Validation Study Using Administrative Data

Successful Treatment of Refractory Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Alemtuzumab in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Western lifestyle and immunopathology of multiple sclerosis

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