ALDRIN AND <i>GAMMA</i>‐BHC FOR THE CONTROL OF WIREWORM DAMAGE TO POTATOES

Maskell, F. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.1958.tb00840.x

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the U.K., investigation of organochlorine insecticides in the 1950s showed that aldrin and g-HCH, both highly persistent soilacting organochlorine insecticides, provided generally satisfactory control either when applied as a conventional spray treatment to the soil pre-planting or as`aldrinated' fertiliser (Bevan & Bryden, 1956;Maskell, 1958;Strickland et al, 1962). Similar results were also reported from North America (Merrill, 1952).…”

Section: Insecticidessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…This approach can give a reduction in wireworm numbers (Thomas et al, 1983), but does not necessarily eliminate the need for a another insecticide treatment to the potato crop. Maskell (1958) showed that applying g-HCH resulted in a more rapid reduction of wireworms over an 18-month period, but still recorded 33% tubers damaged in the subsequent untreated potato crop. Toba (1987) also advocated a 2 or 3 year treatment regime for preventing damage to potatoes by L. californicus wireworms in the northwestern United States, but again this did not eliminate wireworms or damage completely.…”

Section: Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biology and management of wireworms (Agriotes spp.) on potato with particular reference to the U.K.

Parker

Howard

2001

Agri and Forest Entomology

198

202

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1 This paper reviews and interprets relevant work on the biology and management of wireworms (Agriotes spp.) within the context of potato production in Europe, with particular reference to the U.K. Although the review concentrates on Agriotes spp., the extensive world literature on other Elateridae of economic importance is also drawn upon. 2 Possible reasons for the apparent increase in the importance of wireworms on the potato crop are discussed, followed by a review of wireworm biology, risk assessment techniques (soil sampling, bait trapping and adult pheromone trapping), crop damage, and cultural, biological and chemical control methods. 3 It is clear that the process of site risk assessment followed by appropriate control measures (usually insecticide use) will remain the mainstay of wireworm management programmes. However, there is considerable scope for adopting new risk assessment techniques, such as pheromone trapping of adult beetles. 4 These control measures will need to be underpinned by a greater understanding of wireworm biology, particularly adult dispersal. Factors affecting the initiation and maintenance of wireworm populations in individual ®elds also require further study. The current use of insecticides could also be optimized by a better appreciation of the interactions between insecticide use, potato variety choice and harvest dates.

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Section: Insecticidessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Insecticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology and management of wireworms (Agriotes spp.) on potato with particular reference to the U.K.

Parker

Howard

2001

Agri and Forest Entomology

198

202

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another medium loam washed sample indicated a wireworm population of 25,000 per acre which resulted in 7 per cent tuber damage, and a hand-sorted light soil field with a similar population estimate yielded 7-10 per cent of damaged tubers. Maskell (1958) reports as much as 24-33 per cent of damaged tubers on an organic sandy loam with post-treatment wireworm populations of 10-25,000 per acre.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireworm Damage and Insecticidal Treatment of the Ware Potato Crop in England and Wales

Strickland

Bardner

Waines³

1962

Plant Pathology

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A SUMMARY of results from a survey of pest damage to the ware potato crop over the years 1954-56 has already been published (Baker and Waines, 1957). The present article covers the seven-year period 1954-60, and is restricted to a consideration of wireworm damage in England and Wales in relation to the use of soil insecticides. It includes a number of analyses that were not possible with the limited data available when the earlier paper was written.During the seven cropping seasons discussed here, 14,207 ware potato fields were visited by Potato Marketing Board field staff 2-3 weeks before the crops were lifted. The wireworm damage estimates given later in this paper therefore refer to the earliest date on which the crops might have been commercially lifted; in most cases a lifting delay of several weeks in September/October, coinciding with the peak autumnal feeding period of the wireworms, will result in something like a doubling in the amount of damage noted at crop check time. A more realistic picture of commercial wireworm damage can therefore be obtained by doubling the figures for average tuber damage, and their standard errors. While this correction is necessary for tuber damage we do not consider any appreciable correction to be needed for the proportions of crops damaged by wireworm: if enough wireworms are present in a field to do detectable damage it is almost certain that some of it at least will have been done by the time of the annual crop-check survey. ANALYTICAL APPROACHBaker and Waines emphasized that the crop-check survey fields were generally on the same farms from year to year. Over the years the sample has changed to some extent, and an independent check made by Rothamsted Statistical Department in 1958 (B. M. Church and Mary G. Hills, in lit.) indicated that growers whose crops were sampled every year tended to get somewhat higher yields than other registered potato producers. In other respects, however, the Rothamsted check suggested that substantially unbiased estimates were being obtained from the survey: thus, we calculated that 19 per cent of the ware potato growers used insecticides in 1958, compared with 20-3 per cent estimated from the independent Rothamsted sample. We have assumed that the pest damage and insecticide data from the crop-check work give a substantially correct picture of the overall position, while acknowledging that the information on tuber damage may be minimal because of the time lag between sampling and commercial lifting.It is well known that soil type, cultural treatments and other practices, can influence wireworm populations and the damage they do. Inspection of the crop-check results for each year separately showed that a three-way breakdown was possible. 94 Plant PathologyThe numbers of damaged, and the total number of inspected, Majestic and King Edward (including Red King), crops were classified as growmg on light soils (sand and gravel, silt, skirt, warp, peat, black, fen, moss, light loam, and red), on medium loams, or on heavy soils (heavy loam, clay,...

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“…Bevan and Bryden (1956) record densities between 125,000 and 1,650,000 per acre damaging 34 to 97 per cent of tubers. Maskell (1958) recorded that pre-cropping populations of 1,075,000, 225,000 and 50,000 per acre (post-cropping 225,000, 25,000 and 9,400 per acre) damaged 76, 65 and 24-33 per cent of the tubers respectively. Strickland, Bardner and Waines (1962), presenting the results of wireworm damage and insecticide applications to potato crops inspected by the Potato Marketing Board from 1954-60, point out the difficulty of detecting low wireworm populations which may cause damage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%