Aldosterone

August, J. T.; Nelson, Don H.; Thorn, George W.

doi:10.1056/nejm195811062591907

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Canter and coworkers (29) have recently reported that thyroidectomy resulted in a Na diuresis in dogs with thoracic caval constriction and ascites. Conclusive evidence for a direct effect of thyrotropin and growth hormone is lacking and there is evidence to the contrary for growth hormone (5). Finally, it should be pointed out that another highly active ACTH-like anterior pituitary hormone with potent effects on aldosterone secretion is a possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) have delegated a secondary role to anterior pituitary hormones in the control of aldosterone secretion.' Although hypophysectomy resulted in decreased aldosterone secretion (3) or reduced urinary aldosterone output (2), hyperaldosteronuria, marked sodium (Na) retention and ascites occurred in the absence of the adenohypophysis in dogs with thoracic inferior vena cava constriction (2).…”

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The Role of the Anterior Pituitary in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion in Experimental Secondary Hyperaldosteronism*

Davis¹,

Yankopoulos²,

Lieberman³

et al. 1960

J. Clin. Invest.

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Previous reports (1-9) have delegated a secondary role to anterior pituitary hormones in the control of aldosterone secretion.' Although hypophysectomy resulted in decreased aldosterone secretion (3) or reduced urinary aldosterone output (2), hyperaldosteronuria, marked sodium (Na) retention and ascites occurred in the absence of the adenohypophysis in dogs with thoracic inferior vena cava constriction (2). Also, in patients with hypopituitarism, Luetscher and Axelrad (6) and Hernando and associates (7) found that urinary aldosterone output was within normal limits in some patients on an unselected diet or a normal salt intake, and Liddle, Duncan 'and Bartter (8) reported hyperaldosteronuria in one patient with hypopituitarism on a low Na diet.However, no conclusive evidence of hypersecretion 1 of aldosterone in the absence of anterior pituitary hormones has been reported. The critical pertinent data on the rate of aldosterone secretion during stimulation which produces hypersecretion in normal animals have not been reported for hypophysectomized dogs or patients. It is important that studies in man be conducted on hypophysectomized patients since patients with so-called panhypopituitarism may not have loss of all anterior pituitary function. Furthermore, our knowledge is incomplete on the importance of specific anterior pituitary hormones. Several studies (3,7,(8)(9)(10) have demonstrated an increase in aldosterone secretion or urinary aldo-* This investigation was aided in part by Grant A-1944 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.1 The phrases "aldosterone secretion" or "hypersecretion of aldosterone" have been used to refer to actual measurements of the rate of secretion by the adrenal gland into the effluent plasma and are to be distinguished from urinary aldosterone excretion. sterone excretion following administration of various corticotropin preparations, but the data are inadequate to establish the role of ACTH in secondary hyperaldosteronism.2The question of the role of the anterior pituitary in the control of aldosterone secretion was reopened by the finding of a 76 to 97 per cent fall in adrenal vein aldosterone output following hypophysectomy of dogs with experimental secondary hyperaldosteronism ( 11). In the present report, data are presented on the efficacy of ACTH 3 in preventing this fall in aldosterone secretion which follows hypophysectomy. Large doses of cortisone have been administered to inhibit ACTH secretion in dogs with hyperaldosteronism secondary to caval constriction; the resultant effects on aldosterone and corticosterone production were observed. Subsequently, the effects of hypophysectomy and ACTH were studied in these animals. Also, the effects of synthetic a-melanophore-stimulating hormone (MSH) and of highly purified preparations of natural a-and ,B-MSH have been studied. Attempts have been made to stimulate hypersecretion of aldosterone in simple hypophysectomized dogs by 1) a low Na diet and 2) acute constriction of the thoracic inferior vena cava.2 In this pap...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Anterior Pituitary in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion in Experimental Secondary Hyperaldosteronism*

Davis¹,

Yankopoulos²,

Lieberman³

et al. 1960

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…19, 4 312 BERTHA SINGER graphed on the Bush C system [Bush, 1952], run at 37°C, in which aldosterone moves with cortisol. The quantitative estimation of aldosterone present on the second chromatogram was done by measuring the intensity of the soda fluorescence reaction using a specially constructed fluorimeter [Ayres, Garrod, Simpson & Tait, 1957]. This pair of solvent systems is particularly suitable for the separation of aldosterone from other interfering steroids in the adrenal vein blood of rats as the rat adrenal produces predominantly corticosterone and only traces of cortisol [Bush, 1953] and still less, if any, cortisone.…”

Section: Estimation Of Aldosteronementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative independence of the secretion of this hormone from adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) is fairly well established [see August, Nelson & Thorn, 1958]. Luetscher & Axelrad [1954] have shown that sodium depletion, by restriction of dietary intake, in man, will stimulate the secretion of aldosterone, and this has been confirmed many times.…”

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Further Studies on the Secretion of Aldosterone by the Rat Adrenal Gland

Singer¹

1959

Journal of Endocrinology

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1. In rats fed normal diets, the intravenous, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal administration of potassium chloride, either immediately or at graded intervals before the collection of adrenal vein blood, did not increase the secretion of aldosterone. In animals fed low salt diets, excess of dietary potassium did not result in an increase in the secretion of aldosterone.2. Chloride deficiency in the diet, for a period of 2 weeks, did not affect the rate of aldosterone production.3. The intravenous administration of hypertonic saline just prior to collection of adrenal vein blood did not affect the rate of aldosterone secretion, but substitution of saline for drinking water for a period of 1 week reduced it.4. Production of metabolic acidosis resulted in increased secretion of aldosterone. Production of metabolic alkalosis did not affect it. It is concluded from these results that altering the intracellular electrolyte composition of skeletal muscle will not affect the secretion of aldosterone. 5. Removal of peripheral blood either 2 hr, or 26 + 2 hr, before collection of adrenal vein blood in animals fed normal or low salt diets did not influence the secretion of aldosterone.Neither did maintaining the blood volume, with freshly drawn rat blood, during the collection of adrenal vein blood. 6. It was not possible to prevent the release of ACTH associated with the collection of adrenal vein blood by the use of morphine.The role played by aldosterone in salt and water metabolism and the factors which affect its rate of secretion continue to be of interest to physiologists. The relative independence of the secretion of this hormone from adrenocorticotrophic hormone

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“…For many years it has been known that most patients with edema stemming from nephrosis, congestive heart failure or hepatic cirrhosis excrete abnormally large amounts of this hormone in the urine (1–7), and that under most circumstances the sodium content of the urine decreases as the aldosterone content increases. However, excessive aldosterone secretion alone cannot be held as the sole explanation for the existence of edema inasmuch as repeated administration of the hormone to a normal person rapidly provokes a state in which the subject becomes resistant to its sodium‐retaining properties (8). Nevertheless, the critical role played by aldosterone is illustrated by the diuresis which can sometimes be achieved in humans by adrenalectomy after all other measures have failed (9–11).…”

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Further Experience With Spironolactone‐hydrochlorothiazide (Aldactazide‐a) in the Long‐term Treatment of Refractory Cardiac Edema

Settel

1965

J American Geriatrics Society

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Aldosterone

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

The Role of the Anterior Pituitary in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion in Experimental Secondary Hyperaldosteronism*

The Role of the Anterior Pituitary in the Control of Aldosterone Secretion in Experimental Secondary Hyperaldosteronism*

Further Studies on the Secretion of Aldosterone by the Rat Adrenal Gland

Further Experience With Spironolactone‐hydrochlorothiazide (Aldactazide‐a) in the Long‐term Treatment of Refractory Cardiac Edema

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