Aldosterone and Hydrocortisone Secretion in Dehydration

Gomori, P; Gláz, Edit; Suhanyeczky, A.; Csapo, G

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(60)90175-6

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Koenig et al (2004) tested MR antagonism in male Long-Evans rats in a limited-access two-bottle choice model of homecage drinking that incorporated 23 hours of water deprivation in between 1 hour sessions of drinking 10% (v/v) alcohol and water. Given that MR and its ligand aldosterone are important in regulating fluid balance, it is possible that the stress of water deprivation dysregulated the MR system, and thus masked the effects of spironolactone on alcohol drinking (Gomori et al, 1960, Tang et al, 2011, Ali et al, 2012). The present studies were conducted under ad-libitum fluid access.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone reduces alcohol self-administration in female and male rats

Makhijani

Voorhies

Besheer

2018

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Cortisol/corticosterone and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis serve an important role in modulating alcohol drinking behaviors. To date most alcohol research has focused on the functional involvement of corticosterone and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the primary receptor for corticosterone. Recent studies have indicated that the related mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which binds both corticosterone and aldosterone, may also play a role in alcohol drinking. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to test the functional role of MR signaling in alcohol self-administration via pharmacological antagonism of the MR with spironolactone. Male and female Long-Evans rats were trained to self-administer a sweetened alcohol solution (15% (v/v) alcohol +2% (w/v) sucrose). The effects of spironolactone (0, 10, 25, 50 mg/kg; IP) were tested on alcohol self-administration and under "probe extinction" conditions to measure the persistence of responding in the absence of the alcohol reinforcer. Parallel experiments in sucrose self-administration trained rats were used to confirm the specificity of spironolactone effects to an alcohol reinforcer. In female rats spironolactone (50 mg/kg) reduced alcohol self-administration and persistence of alcohol responding. In male rats spironolactone (25 and 50 mg/kg) reduced alcohol self-administration, but not persistence of alcohol responding. Spironolactone reduced sucrose intake in female rats only, and locomotion in male and female rats during sucrose self-administration. There was no effect of spironolactone on persistence of sucrose responding. These studies add to growing evidence that the MR is involved in alcohol drinking, while underscoring the importance of studying both male and female animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone reduces alcohol self-administration in female and male rats

Makhijani

Voorhies

Besheer

2018

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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References

1971

Aldosterone

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The Effect of Acth, Renin, Angiotensin Ii, and Various Precursors on Biosynthesis of Aldosterone by Adrenal Slices

Kaplan¹,

Barter²

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

169

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Angiotensin II has been shown to increase the excretion (1) and secretion (2) of aldosterone by normal human subjects, and the secretion of aldosterone by hypophysectomized, nephrectomized dogs (3)(4)(5). In the latter preparation (3), renin, which leads to the liberation of angiotensin in the circulation (6), has been shown to stimulate aldosterone secretion. The present studies were done to determine whether angiotensin and renin can act directly on the adrenal cortex. The slices were minced with scissors and weighed. Specimens weighing about 500 mg were placed in 5 ml of Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium containing glucose in a concentration of 200 mg per 100 ml. At least 4 vessels were incubated and analyzed separately for each portion of each experiment. Thus, there were at least 4 control vessels and at least 4 with each precursor or stimulating agent studied in each experiment. The tissues were kept chilled until incubation, which was started between 3 and 5 hours after the death of the cattle. Tissues were preincubated for 1 hour at 37°C under 5 per cent CO2-95 per cent 02 on the Dubnoff metabolic shaker. The preincubation medium was removed, and 5 ml of fresh medium was used to transfer the slices to vessels to which the appropriate precursor had been added with or without ACTH, renin, or angiotensin II. Incubation was for 2 hours.The control values for synthesis of aldosterone by the adrenals in vitro showed wide variations from experiment to experiment. The higher the control value, the less was the effect of any given stimulus. Thus, when production of aldosterone by the control beef slices was greater than 2 gsg per g of tissue per hour, experimental procedures produced little or no increase of synthesis. Therefore, only preparations with control values below 2 ,lg per g per hour are included. Factors which may have affected the control level of aldosterone production were water and salt deprivation. Control values were above 4 ,ug per g per hour only during the winter months when the ground was frozen and the cattle had no access to water for at least 24 to 48 hours before slaughter and limited access to water and salt for a longer period. A stimulatory effect of water deprivation on synthesis of aldosterone in vivo (7) and of salt depletion on synthesis in vitro (8) has been observed. Other factors may have led to this seasonal variation, a problem noted by others studying corticosteroid synthesis in vitro (9).The capacity of the tissue to respond to any given stimulus was found to decrease with the passage of time, so this was kept relatively constant in all experiments.Rat adrenal sections. The technique of Saffran and Schally (10) was closely followed. A quarter of one adrenal gland from each of eight 150-to 200-g SpragueDawley male rats was included in each of four vessels 715

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Aldosterone and Hydrocortisone Secretion in Dehydration

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone reduces alcohol self-administration in female and male rats

The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone reduces alcohol self-administration in female and male rats

References

The Effect of Acth, Renin, Angiotensin Ii, and Various Precursors on Biosynthesis of Aldosterone by Adrenal Slices

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