Aldehyde-Ketone Isomerization Activity of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Bicyclo[3.2.0]carbocyclic Molecules and Redox Biotransformations: The Evolution of Closed-Loop Artificial Linear Biocatalytic Cascades and Related Redox-Neutral Systems

“…Cofactor recycling was first introduced for yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) in the late 1950s [31] by using a coupled enzyme plus an additional sacrificial substrate approach (Figure 4). Subsequently, throughout the 1960s, alternative coupledsubstrate methods became predominant [32][33][34] before coupled-enzyme methods returned to predominate from the 1980s onwards. While some of these coupled-enzyme systems, like Levy et al [31], deployed glucose dehydrogenase [35,36], others depended on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [37,38], phosphite dehydrogenase [39,40], an EC 1.4.1.x-type amino acid dehydrogenase [41,42], formate dehydrogenase (including genetically engineered NAD + → NADP + -dependent variants [43][44][45][46][47][48]), or even hydrogenase [49,50].…”