Alcoholics Anonymous-Narcotics Anonymous model inpatient treatment of chemically dependent adolescents: a 2-year outcome study.

Association of Spirituality and Sobriety During a Behavioral Spirituality Intervention for Twelve Step (TS) Recovery

“…The abstinence success rate of 64% compared similarly to reports from other TS-based treatment centers describing abstinence success rates of about 52-78% within one year (14)(15)(16). More than a third of the participants did not have a higher power identified when they began treatment, demonstrating the need for a standardized instrument to assist with the spirituality of TS programs.…”

Influence of Religiosity on 12-Step Participation and Treatment Response Among Substance-Dependent Adolescents

“…Rigorously conducted research studies with adults and adolescents have shown that use of these free and widely available community resources can help individuals maintain recovery and also reduce the fi nancial burden on the health care system (Chi et al, 2009;Humphreys andMoos, 2001, 2007;. Importantly, 12-step participation during treatment has been shown to increase the likelihood of continued 12-step participation and better outcomes not only for adults Kelly and Moos, 2003;Litt et al, 2009;Walitzer et al, 2009) but also for adolescents (Alford et al, 1991;Chi et al, 2009;Kelly et al, 2000Kelly et al, , 2002Kelly et al, , 2010Kennedy and Minami, 1993).…”

Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Clinicians' Self-Help Meeting Referral Practices and Adolescent Attendance Rates

“…Some evidence indicates that 12-Step based treatment assists adolescents in reducing substance use (Winters et a!. 2000 ;Kennedy & Minami 1993;Alford , Koehler & Leonard 1991) and that adolescents who participate in 12-Step meetings after inpatient treatment maintain lower levels of substance use and/or higher rates of abstinence than adolescents who do not (Kelly, Myers & Brown 2001, 2000Hsieh, Hoffman & Hollister 1998;Kelly & Myers 1997;Brown 1993;Kennedy & Minami 1993;Alford, Koehler & Leonard 1991;Brown, Mott & Myers 1990). While two such studies identified self-help meeting attendance as one of the most powerful discriminators of abstinence up to six and 12 months after discharge from treatment (Hsieh, Hoffman & Hollister 1998;Kennedy & Minami 1993), conclusions from this research are limited because of the small number of studies, a focus on adolescents discharged from residential or inpatient treat ment only, nonexperimental designs, and measurement of 12-Step meeting involvement solely in terms of attendance rather than other dimensions of involvement (such as obtain ing a sponsor, reading literature , and working the steps).…”