Alcoholic Stem Extract of Coscinium fenestratum Regulates Carbohydrate Metabolism and Improves Antioxidant Status in Streptozotocin–Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Alcoholic extract of the stems of Coscinium fenestratum, a medicinal plant indigenous to India and Sri Lanka used in ayurveda and siddha medicine for treating diabetes, was studied for its carbohydrate metabolism effect and antioxidant status in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral administration of C. fenestratum stem extract in graded doses caused a significant increase in enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione synthetase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase and in the nonenzymatic antioxidants ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and tocopherol. Effects of alcoholic extract on glycolytic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and hexokinase showed a significant increase in their levels, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the levels of gluconeogenic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in treated diabetic rats. Serum creatinine and urea levels also declined significantly. This investigation demonstrates significant antidiabetic activity of C. fenestratum.

In vitro anti-proliferative activity of alcoholic stem extract of Coscinium fenestratum in human colorectal cancer cells

“…decoction and tincture of the stem have been used in ethnomedicine, especially in northeastern thailand, for the treatment of cancer, diabetes mellitus and arthritis. in addition, this plant has been used in the traditional ayurvedic and Siddha systems of medicine in india and Sri lanka for treating diabetes mellitus (2). however, the molecular targets of this plant in anti-cancer activity have not been elucidated.…”

Evaluation of lipid profile and oxidative stress in STZ-induced rats treated with antioxidant vitamin

“…In this context, experimental data have suggested that chronic high blood glucose levels contributed to the formation of ROS, through several mechanisms such as glucose autoxidation, the oxidation of protein (Bonnefont-Rousselot et al 2000;Maritim et al 2002) and non-enzymatic glycation of protein (Szaleczky et al 1998), thus exacerbating oxidative stress. Streptozotocin induces experimental insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) in animals through its cytotoxic effects on beta-cells of the pancreas, via a mechanism associated with the generation of ROS (Punitha et al 2005;Evelson et al 2005). It leads to a deficiency of insulin, which acts as a diabetogenic agent (Szkudeslski 2001).…”

Effect of Fenugreek Seed and Leaves on Some Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in CCl4-induced Liver Injury

“…Such effects may be mediated through the active phytoconstituents present in fenugreek, like 4-hydroxy isoleucine, diosgenin, orientin, quercetin. These active constituents can scavenge, or neutralize the free radicals or other ROS components (Baig et al, 2012;Punitha et al, 2005).…”