Alcoholic "Blackouts": A Review and Clinical Study of 100 Alcoholics

Goodwin, Donald W.; Crane, John S.; Guze, Samuel B.

doi:10.1176/ajp.126.2.191

Cited by 144 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Instead, alcohol-dependence symptoms predict the experience of blackouts, even when the stability of blackouts across time is controlled for. These findings are consistent with the idea that a pattern of problematic drinking increases the likelihood of having alcohol-induced blackouts, as suggested by earlier studies of blackouts among alcoholics (Goodwin et al, 1969). Contrary to earlier beliefs (Jellinek, 1952), our results do not indicate that blackouts are a precursor to alcohol-dependence symptoms but rather are a consequence of dependence-like drinking.…”

Section: Blackouts and Alcohol-dependence Symptomssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In earlier studies-for example, by Jellinek (1952), Goodwin (1969), and others (e.g., Curlee, 1973;Tarter & Schneider, 1976)-blackouts were exclusively associated with alcoholism. More recent research, however (e.g., Anthenelli et al, 1994;Hartzler & Fromme, 2003;LaBrie et al, 2011;Wetherill & Fromme, 2011;White et al, 2002), has established the experience of blackouts among healthy, young adult drinkers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Subsequent research, however, indicated that blackouts were associated with heavy drinking and problematic alcohol use but were not considered a strong predictor, beyond consumption patterns, for AUDs (Anthenelli et al, 1994). Instead, blackouts might be viewed as a symptom of alcohol dependence, especially among alcoholics (Goodwin, 1969).…”

Section: Blackouts and Alcohol Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early research among samples of alcoholics indicated that between 64% and 94% endorsed alcohol-induced blackouts, and thus blackouts were considered to be an important factor associated with alcoholism (Curlee, 1973;Goodwin, 1969;Tarter & Schneider, 1976). Although there was agreement about the comorbidity between blackouts and alcoholism, there was debate about whether blackouts preceded or were a symptom of alcoholism.…”

Section: Blackouts and Alcohol Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol-Induced Blackouts and Other Negative Outcomes During the Transition Out of College

Wilhite

Fromme

2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective:There is considerable debate about the prospective association between alcohol-dependence symptoms and alcohol-related blackouts. The goal of this study was to examine the associations among alcohol-dependence symptoms, blackouts, and social and emotional consequences during the transition out of college. Method: Participants (N = 829; 66% female) were part of a 6-year longitudinal study designed to explore alcohol use and risky behaviors during and after college. Data for these analyses were from Years 4 and 5 of data collection, which most closely corresponded to the transition out of college. Using cross-lagged models, we tested the prospective associations of alcohol-dependence symptoms, blackout frequency, and social and emotional consequences. Results: Alcohol-dependence symptoms in Year 4 predicted increased frequency of blackouts and social and emotional consequences during the subsequent year. Blackouts during Year 4 also significantly predicted increased alcohol-related social and emotional consequences, but not dependence symptoms, in Year 5. Conclusions: Although blackouts do not predict the development of alcohol-dependence symptoms, they increase the risk for less severe alcohol-related consequences during the transition out of college. This may result from the cognitive reconciliation of negative behaviors that occur during these episodes of amnesia. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 76, 516-524, 2015)

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Section: Blackouts and Alcohol-dependence Symptomssupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Blackouts and Alcohol Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blackouts and Alcohol Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol-Induced Blackouts and Other Negative Outcomes During the Transition Out of College

Wilhite

Fromme

2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…6,7 Two major consequences resulting from heavy episodic drinking are blackouts and alcohol poisonings. Blackouts are experiences of amnesia postdrinking 8,9 and typically occur when high blood alcohol levels (BALs) are reached quickly. 10,11 In one study, approximately half of all college students who drank alcohol reported experiencing at least 1 C Partying Before the Party: Examining Prepartying Behavior Among College Students Eric R. Pedersen, MA; Joseph LaBrie, PhD blackout.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partying Before the Party: Examining Prepartying Behavior Among College Students

Pedersen

LaBrie

2007

Journal of American College Health

140

201

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Sexual Orientation Disparities in Longitudinal Alcohol Use Patterns Among Adolescents

Corliss¹,

Rosario²,

Wypij³

et al. 2008

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

158

132

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Objectives To compare sexual orientation group differences in the longitudinal development of alcohol use behaviors during adolescence. Design Community-based prospective cohort study. Setting Self-reported questionnaires. Participants A total of 13450 Growing Up Today Study participants (79.7% of the original cohort) aged 9 to 14 years at baseline in 1996 were followed for over seven years. Main Exposure Self-reported sexual orientation classified as heterosexual, mostly heterosexual, bisexual, or lesbian/gay. Main Outcome Measures Age of alcohol use initiation, any past-month drinking, number of alcohol drinks usually consumed, and number of binge drinking episodes in the past year. Results Compared to heterosexuals, youth reporting any minority sexual orientation reported initiating alcohol use at younger ages. Greater risk of alcohol use was consistently observed for mostly heterosexual males and females and for bisexual females, whereas gay and bisexual males and lesbians reported elevated levels of alcohol use on only some indicators. Gender was an important modifier of alcohol use risk; mostly heterosexual and bisexual females exhibited the highest relative risk. Younger age of alcohol use initiation among minority sexual orientation participants significantly contributed to their elevated risk for binge drinking. Conclusions Our findings suggest that disparities in alcohol use among youth with a minority sexual orientation emerge in early adolescence and persist into young adulthood. Healthcare providers should be aware that adolescents with a minority sexual orientation are at greater risk for alcohol use.

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Alcoholic "Blackouts": A Review and Clinical Study of 100 Alcoholics

Cited by 144 publications

References 12 publications

Alcohol-Induced Blackouts and Other Negative Outcomes During the Transition Out of College

Alcohol-Induced Blackouts and Other Negative Outcomes During the Transition Out of College

Partying Before the Party: Examining Prepartying Behavior Among College Students

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Longitudinal Alcohol Use Patterns Among Adolescents

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