Alcohol use disorders among adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs): Gene-environment resilience factors

Ossola, Paolo; Gerra, Maria Carla; Gerra, Maria Lidia; Milano, Giulia; Zatti, Marta; Zavan, Valeria; Volpi, R.; Marchesi, Carlo; Donnini, Claudia; Gerra, Gilberto; Gennaro, Cristiana Di

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110167

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 74%

“…Other than age, no notable differences were found among the five studies [ 17 , 39 , 43 , 65 , 67 ] with non-significant results regarding study design, environment factor selection, and gender. Four [ 17 , 43 , 65 , 67 ] out of the five studies had a mean age over 35, whereas the mean age of the eight studies with significant G×E results had a mean age below 25 [ 32 , 35 , 36 , 44 , 52 , 53 , 60 , 64 ]. It may suggest that substance use behavior can be affected by age, possibly due to complicated environmental exposure or different social norms between generations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A total of nine studies focused on the interaction between these dopaminergic genes and environmental factors, and seven studies included DRD2 [ 21 , 31 , 43 , 46 , 57 , 58 , 67 ]. In addition, two studies included DRD4 [ 28 , 57 ], and two studies investigated DAT1 [ 37 , 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Candidate gene-environment interactions in substance abuse: A systematic review

Jiang,

Chen,

Chen

2023

PLoS ONE

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Background The abuse of psychogenic drugs can lead to multiple health-related problems. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities are factors in the emergence of substance use disorders. Empirical evidence regarding the gene–environment interaction in substance use is mixed. Summaries of the latest findings from a candidate gene approach will be useful for revealing the significance of particular gene contributions. Thus, we aim to identify different gene–environment interactions in patterns of substance use and investigate whether any effects trend notably across different genders and races. Methods We reviewed published studies, until March 1, 2022, on substance use for candidate gene–environment interaction. Basic demographics of the included studies, target genes, environmental factors, main findings, patterns of gene–environment interaction, and other relevant information were collected and summarized. Results Among a total of 44 studies, 38 demonstrated at least one significant interaction effect. About 61.5% of studies on the 5-HTTLPR gene, 100% on the MAOA gene, 42.9% on the DRD2 gene, 50% on the DRD4 gene, 50% on the DAT gene, 80% on the CRHR1 gene, 100% on the OPRM1 gene, 100% on the GABRA1 gene, and 50% on the CHRNA gene had a significant gene–environment interaction effect. The diathesis–stress model represents a dominant interaction pattern (89.5%) in the studies with a significant interaction effect; the remaining significant effect on substance use is found in the differential susceptibility model. The social push and swing model were not reported in the included studies. Conclusion The gene–environment interaction research on substance use behavior is methodologically multidimensional, which causes difficulty in conducting pooled analysis, or stated differently–making it hard to identify single sources of significant influence over maladaptive patterns of drug taking. In decreasing the heterogeneity and facilitating future pooled analysis, researchers must (1) replicate the existing studies with consistent study designs and measures, (2) conduct power calculations to report gene–environment correlations, (3) control for covariates, and (4) generate theory-based hypotheses with factorial based experiments when designing future studies.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Candidate gene-environment interactions in substance abuse: A systematic review

Jiang,

Chen,

Chen

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Resilience is defined as the ability to cope with adversity (Alim et al, 2012) and is particularly interesting for understanding individuals’ adaptation to stressful life events, a potentially important factor moderating the association between AUD and suicidal behavior (Conner et al, 2012; Duberstein et al, 1993). Resilience is influenced by both environmental (e.g., caring environment; Ossola et al, 2020) and heritable (Amstadter et al, 2014) factors. Prior studies showed that high resilience decreased the risks of AUD and suicidal behaviors after military combat (Green et al, 2014; Sheerin et al, 2019; Youssef et al, 2014; Yurgil et al, 2021) or in individuals with a history of childhood trauma (Roy et al, 2011; Wingo et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of alcohol use disorder and resilience in risk of suicide attempt in men: A Swedish population‐based cohort

Lannoy

Sundquist

et al. 2022

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Introduction: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been identified as a strong risk factor for suicide attempt. However, few studies have considered protective factors that may moderate this association, such as resilience. Methods:We used longitudinal nationwide Swedish data of 903,333 males born 1960-1980 and 48,285 males born 1949-1951. We performed Cox proportional hazards models to test the role of AUD, resilience, and their interaction on risk for suicide attempt. We used co-relative models to account for familial factors.Results: Alcohol use disorder was strongly associated with increased risk of suicide attempt [hazard ratio (HR) = 12.22], while resilience was associated with reduced risk (HR = 0.73). Multiplicative interaction (HR = 1.21) showed that, in the context of AUD, the protective role of resilience on risk of suicide attempt was somewhat attenuated. Co-relative analyses supported both familial liability and a possible causal pathway between AUD, resilience, and suicide attempt. In the cohort born 1949-1951, resilience subcomponents-social maturity, interests, psychological energy, home conditions, and emotional control-were all associated with reduced suicide attempt risk (HRs between 0.63 and 0.74). Conclusion:While resilience is associated with reduced risk of suicide attempt, this effect is less pronounced in the context of AUD. These associations are potentially causal.

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Childhood alcohol use: Global insights

Engebretsen

Skylstad

2022

Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions

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Alcohol use disorders among adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs): Gene-environment resilience factors

Cited by 8 publications

References 69 publications

Candidate gene-environment interactions in substance abuse: A systematic review

Candidate gene-environment interactions in substance abuse: A systematic review

Roles of alcohol use disorder and resilience in risk of suicide attempt in men: A Swedish population‐based cohort

Childhood alcohol use: Global insights

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