Alcohol Use and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

Scherübl, Hans

doi:10.1159/000507232

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Differences were attributable to genetic and environmental factors, especially dietary habits and lifestyle, as well as multi‐causal combinations like obesity combined with smoking and alcohol consumption [3, 5, 6]. These risk factors seemed to be shared by all GI cancers [7–9]. While the risks of GI cancers increase with exposure time, the individual contribution to a given cancer hazard varies among different GI organs [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global assessment of recent trends in gastrointestinal cancer and lifestyle‐associated risk factors

Mullins

Schafmayer

et al. 2021

Cancer Communications

128

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Background Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers were responsible for 26.3% of cancer cases and 35.4% of deaths worldwide in 2018. This study aimed to analyze the global incidence, mortality, prevalence, and contributing risk factors of the 6 major GI cancer entities [esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), liver cancer (LC), pancreatic cancer (PC), colon cancer, and rectal cancer]. Methods Using the Global Cancer Observatory and the Global Health Observatory databases, we reviewed the current GI cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality, analyzed the association of GI cancer prevalence with national human development indices (HDIs), identified the contributing risk factors, and estimated developing age‐ and sex‐specific trends in incidence and mortality. Results In 2020, the trend in age‐standardized rate of incidence of GI cancers closely mirrored that of mortality, with the highest rates of LC, EC, and GC in Asia and of colorectal cancer (CRC) and PC mainly in Europe. Incidence and mortality were positively, but the mortality‐to‐incidence ratio (MIR) was inversely correlated with the national HDI levels. High MIRs in developing countries likely reflected the lack of preventive strategies and effective treatments. GI cancer prevalence was highest in Europe and was also positively correlated with HDIs and lifestyle‐associated risk factors, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, insufficient physical activity, and high blood cholesterol level, but negatively correlated with hypertension and diabetes. Incidences of EC were consistently and those of GC mostly decreasing, whereas incidences of CRC were increasing in most countries/regions, especially in the younger populations. Incidences of LC and PC were also increasing in all age‐gender populations except for younger males. Mortalities were decreasing for EC, GC, and CRC in most countries/regions, and age‐specific trends were observed in PC and LC with a decrease in the younger but an increase in the older population. Conclusions On the global scale, higher GI cancer burden was accompanied, for the most part, by factors associated with the so‐called Western lifestyle reflected by high and very high national HDI levels. In countries/regions with very high HDI levels, patients survived longer, and increasing GI cancer cases were observed with increasing national HDI levels. Optimizing GI cancer prevention and improving therapies, especially for patients with comorbid metabolic diseases, are thus urgently recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global assessment of recent trends in gastrointestinal cancer and lifestyle‐associated risk factors

Mullins

Schafmayer

et al. 2021

Cancer Communications

128

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“…It has been recognized as one of the most important risk factors for respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers, which are the major causes of disability and mortality [ 74 , 75 ]. Alcohol use is another leading risk factor for disease burden and health loss [ 76 ], increasing the risk of hypertension [ 77 ], liver cancer [ 78 ], and gastrointestinal cancer [ 79 ]. Thus, smoking and alcohol use might attenuate the positive association between DDS and healthy aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Diversity and Healthy Aging: A Prospective Study

Zhang

Zhao

2021

Nutrients

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Population aging is a global phenomenon. The present study determined the effects of dietary diversity score (DDS) and food consumption on healthy aging. A subset of the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey was utilized in this study. DDSs were calculated using the dietary data collected in the years 2009 and 2011. A healthy aging score (HAS) was calculated by summing the standardized scores on physical functional limitation, comorbidity, cognitive function, and psychological stress based on the data collected in the year 2015, with a lower HAS indicating a healthier aging process. Life quality was self-reported in the year 2015. This study found that DDS was inversely associated with HAS (T3 vs. T1: β −0.16, 95%CI −0.20 to −0.11, p-trend <0.001). The consumption of meat and poultry, aquatic products, and fruits was inversely associated with HAS, and participants in the highest tertile of staple foods consumption had a higher HAS than those in the lowest tertile. HAS was inversely associated with good self-reported life quality and positively associated with bad life quality. In conclusion, food consumption may influence the aging process, and adherence to a diverse diet is associated with a healthier aging process in elderly people.

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“…EBW is not the only potentially modifiable risk factor for gastrointestinal cancers. More than 45% of gastrointestinal cancers are potentially preventable [8, 34]. Effective cancer prevention programs can significantly reduce the burden of gastrointestinal cancer deaths.…”

Section: Cancer Prevention – Preventive Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Body Weight and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

Scherübl¹

2021

Visc Med

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Background: Excess body weight (EBW), defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2, has become the second most important as well as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cancer in many industrialized countries. The more excess weight people have, the higher the risk of certain cancers. Over the past several decades, EBW has been increasing globally not only among adults, but also among children and adolescents. Summary: EBW is causally associated with colorectal, esophageal (adenocarcinoma), gastric (cardia), pancreatic, biliary and hepatocellular cancer. EBW when combined with tobacco smoking, risky alcohol use, or diabetes can act synergistically to cause gastrointestinal cancer. In recent years, more and more young adults (20–40 years old) were diagnosed with EBW-associated neoplasms. People with EBW should be encouraged to join cancer screening programs. Key Messages: Keeping a healthy weight is a major public health concern and reduces the risk of cancer.

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Alcohol Use and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

A global assessment of recent trends in gastrointestinal cancer and lifestyle‐associated risk factors

A global assessment of recent trends in gastrointestinal cancer and lifestyle‐associated risk factors

Dietary Diversity and Healthy Aging: A Prospective Study

Excess Body Weight and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

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