Alcohol Slows the Brain Potential Associated With Cognitive Reaction Time to an Omitted Stimulus

Hernández, Oscar; Vogel‐Sprott, M.

doi:10.15288/jsad.2010.71.268

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Although it is not common to measure the rate of rise, Hernández and VogelSprott (2009), showed that this parameter, in µV/ ms, is able to provide a dynamic measure related to the velocity of the engagement processes of neurons, an information not obtained by amplitude or latency measures. A dose of 0.8 g/kg alcohol was able to slow the OSP rate of rise and latency, but not significantly reduce its amplitude (Hernández and Vogel-Sprott 2010a). Many reports have demonstrated alcohol-related reductions in the amplitude of either mid-or late-latency components of the cortical potentials (Wolpaw and Penry 1978, Jääskeläinen et al 1996, Porjesz and Begleiter 1996, Martin and Garfield 2006, although some studies report amplitude increases (Bartholow et al 2003b, Easdon et al 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In a recent study, Hernández and Vogel-Sprott (2010a) found that parameters of the omitted stimulus potential (OSP) are sensitive to a moderate acute dose of alcohol. The OSP is a phenomenon that occurs at the end of a train of sensory stimuli and is considered a subclass of ERPs that appears to the unpredictable cessation of a repeated stimulus and involves some endogenous, moderately high-level cognitive process (Bullock et al 1994, Donchin and evoked potentials and is defined as a decline in the amplitude of the responses to repeated stimuli delivered at constant intensity and repetition rate , Prosser et al 1981, Polich et al 1988, Johnson and yonovits 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the alcohol effects on the complete set of P2 parameters and their habituation process have not been studied. This paper reports the second part of an experiment aimed to study the acute alcohol effects on the averaged brain potentials, evoked during trains of auditory stimuli; the first part examined alcohol effects on reaction time and the OSP (Hernández and Vogel-Sprott 2010a). The present paper deals with alcohol effects on the P2 waves that occur from the beginning of the train.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If P2 and OSP share some neural mechanisms in their intrinsic parameters, then a factor that alters OSP should similarly change the corresponding P2 parameters. A moderate dose of alcohol is an example of such a factor that has potentially important safety implications for brain functioning because it can impair some components of the cortical waves and the behavior (Hernández and Vogel-Sprott 2010a). No research has yet examined the effect of alcohol on the rate of rise of the P2 component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This scale has been used in previous alcohol research to assess the credibility of a placebo (e.g., Fillmore and VogelSprott 1997, Hernández et al 2007, Hernández and Vogel-Sprott 2010a. Participants were asked to rate the alcohol content of their beverages in terms of standard sized drinks of distilled spirits or bottles of 5% alcohol beer.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alcohol Effects on the P2 component of Auditory Evoked Potentials

Hernández

García

Monteón

2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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This is a second part of a research aimed to study the effects of alcohol on the electrophysiological processes in student volunteers. The first part showed that alcohol slowed the Omitted Stimulus Potential (OSP). This work studied the ethanol effects on the parameters (i.e. rate of rise, amplitude and peak latency) of the P2 component of the evoked potentials (EPs) yielded by trains of auditory stimuli. It is hypothesized here that if P2 and OSP waves share some common neural processes then alcohol should also affect these specific parameters. A dose of 0.8 g/kg of alcohol or a placebo (0 g/kg) was administered to two groups of 15 young men who were tested before and again after treatment. The pre-post treatment change in each of the measurements was used to assess the treatment effects. The results showed that compared to placebo, alcohol slowed the P2 rise rate and reduced its amplitude, with no effects on peak latency. The rise rate is more sensitive to alcohol but more resistant to the adaptation process. Alcohol resembles the response inhibition model acting against the adaptation. The rise rate of the P2 and the OSP waves are affected by alcohol in a similar fashion, suggesting similar neural generative mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol Effects on the P2 component of Auditory Evoked Potentials

Hernández

García

Monteón

2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Novel test of motor and other dysfunctions in mouse neurological disease models

Barth

Módy

2014

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Background Just like human neurological disorders, corresponding mouse models present multiple deficiencies. Estimating disease progression or potential treatment effectiveness in such models necessitates the use of time consuming and multiple tests usually requiring a large number of scarcely available genetically modified animals. New method Here we present a novel and simple single camera arrangement and analysis software for detailed motor function evaluation in mice walking on a wire mesh that provides complex 3D information (instantaneous position, speed, distance traveled, foot fault depth, duration, location, relationship to speed of movement, etc.). Results We investigated 3 groups of mice with various neurological deficits: 1) unilateral motor cortical stroke; 2) effects of moderate ethanol doses; and 3) aging (96–99 weeks old). We show that post stroke recovery can be divided into separate stages based on strikingly different characteristics of motor function deficits, some resembling the human motor neglect syndrome. Mice treated with moderate dose of alcohol and aged mice showed specific motor and exploratory deficits. Comparison with Existing Methods Other tests rely either partially or entirely on manual video analysis introducing a significant subjective component into the analysis, and analyze a single aspect of motor function. Conclusions Our novel experimental approach provides qualitatively new, complex information about motor impairments and locomotor/exploratory activity. It should be useful for the detailed characterization of a broad range of human neurological disease models in mice, and for the more accurate assessment of disease progression or treatment effectiveness.

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The influence of acute and chronic alcohol consumption on response time distribution in adolescent rhesus macaques

Wright¹,

Vandewater²,

Taffe³

2013

Neuropharmacology

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Background Analysis of the distribution of reaction times (RTs) in behavioral tasks can illustrate differences attributable to changes in attention, even when no change in mean RT is observed. Detrimental attentional effects of both acute and chronic exposure to alcohol may therefore be revealed by fitting RT data to an ex-Gaussian probability density function which identifies the proportion of long-RT responses. Methods Adolescent male rhesus macaques completed a 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRT) after acute alcohol consumption (up to 0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg). Monkeys were next divided into chronic alcohol (N=5) and control groups (N=5); the experimental group consumed 1.5–3.0 g/kg alcohol for 200 drinking sessions. Unintoxicated performance in the 5CSRT task was determined systematically across the study period and the effect of acute alcohol was redetermined after the 180th drinking session. The effect of extended abstinence from chronic alcohol was determined across 90 days. Results Acute alcohol exposure dose-dependently reduced the probability of longer RT responses without changing the mean or the standard deviation of the RT distribution. The RT distribution of control monkeys tightened across 10 months whereas that of the chronic alcohol group was unchanged. Discontinuation from chronic alcohol increased the probability of long RT responses with a difference from control animals observed after 30 days of discontinuation. Conclusions Alcohol consumption selectively affected attention as reflected in the probability of long RT responses. Acute alcohol consumption focused attention, chronic alcohol consumption impaired the maturation of attention across the study period and alcohol discontinuation impaired attention.

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Alcohol Slows the Brain Potential Associated With Cognitive Reaction Time to an Omitted Stimulus

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Alcohol Effects on the P2 component of Auditory Evoked Potentials

Alcohol Effects on the P2 component of Auditory Evoked Potentials

Novel test of motor and other dysfunctions in mouse neurological disease models

The influence of acute and chronic alcohol consumption on response time distribution in adolescent rhesus macaques

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