Alcohol sensory processing and its relevance for ingestion

Brasser, Susan M.; Castro, Norma; Feretic, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.09.004

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Although neural mechanisms for sweet taste do contribute to ethanol preference in rodents (see Brasser et al 2014 for additonal review), how gustation is precisely involved with ethanol drinking behavior in humans remains elusive. Yet there exist ties between ethanol intake and sweet processing in humans.…”

Section: Neural Circuits For Sweet Taste and Ingestive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual and Neural Responses to Sweet Taste in Humans and Rodents

Lemon

2015

Chem. Percept.

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Introduction This mini-review discusses some of the parallels between rodent neurophysiological and human psychophysical data concerning temperature effects on sweet taste. Methods and Purpose “Sweet” is an innately rewarding taste sensation that is associated in part with foods that contain calories in the form of sugars. Humans and other mammals can show unconditioned preference for select sweet stimuli. Such preference is poised to influence diet selection and, in turn, nutritional status, which underscores the importance of delineating the physiological mechanisms for sweet taste with respect to their influence on human health. Advances in our knowledge of the biology of sweet taste in humans have arisen in part through studies on mechanisms of gustatory processing in rodent models. Along this line, recent work has revealed there are operational parallels in neural systems for sweet taste between mice and humans, as indexed by similarities in the effects of temperature on central neurophysiological and psychophysical responses to sucrose in these species. Such association strengthens the postulate that rodents can serve as effective models of particular mechanisms of appetitive taste processing. Data supporting this link are discussed here, as are rodent and human data that shed light on relationships between mechanisms for sweet taste and ingestive disorders, such as alcohol abuse. Results and Conclusions Rodent models have utility for understanding mechanisms of taste processing that may pertain to human flavor perception. Importantly, there are limitations to generalizing data from rodents, albeit parallels across species do exist.

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Section: Neural Circuits For Sweet Taste and Ingestive Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual and Neural Responses to Sweet Taste in Humans and Rodents

Lemon

2015

Chem. Percept.

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“…Given the poor ability of consumers to differentiate ethanol levels in complex matrices, it is unlikely that the sensory qualities specific to this stimulus would be useful in predicting alcohol content in beverages or its postabsorptive effects (Brasser et al, ). Thus, at least for beer, other cues are needed to provide consumers with the requisite information needed to adequately predict ethanol levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the body of research examining the sensory attributes associated with ethanol, there are surprisingly few studies that have investigated ethanol thresholds or how they are impacted by the matrix from which they are obtained. This question is of interest because the sensory qualities of ethanol have been proposed to be the most consistent and relevant stimuli to immediately predict alcohol's postabsorptive effects and may, therefore, also contribute to ethanol craving and maintenance of ongoing alcohol use (Brasser, Castro, & Feretic, ). If true, consumers would need to be able to discriminate varying levels of ethanol with a high degree of sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol thresholds in water and beer

Guttman

Soldavini

Simons

2019

Journal of Sensory Studies

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Little information exists regarding ethanol thresholds or how thresholds change depending upon the matrix of evaluation. The objective of this experiment was to determine the detection threshold of ethanol in water and the just-noticeable difference (JND) thresholds for ethanol in water and beer. We also sought to determine whether ethanol thresholds correlate with frequency of ethanol consumption. The best estimate of threshold (BET) was determined for 75 subjects in water and/or beer using the ascending method of limits. In water, the group detection BET was 0.66 ± 0.08% with no significant difference between males and females. In water and beer containing 5% ethanol, the group JND BETs were 7.9 ± 1.1% and 11.0 ± 1.1%, respectively. The significant increase of ethanol thresholds in beer compared to water likely reflects the impact of the matrix on the sensory properties evoked by ethanol. No significant differences between males and females were found for ethanol JND thresholds in water, however, in beer, JND thresholds were significantly lower for males compared to females.Ethanol JND thresholds obtained in water and beer were not associated with self-reported frequency of alcohol consumption. Practical ApplicationsThe present study provides relevant details regarding the levels of ethanol that can be discriminated in water and beer. The sensory qualities of ethanol have been proposed to be the most consistent and relevant stimuli to immediately predict alcohol's postabsorptive effects. This implies that humans can accurately detect and discriminate between varying levels of ethanol. However, the present results suggest that the presence of other flavor compounds in a complex matrix such as beer makes discriminating ethanol levels difficult. K E Y W O R D Sbeer, ethyl alcohol, matrix effect, threshold

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“…showing that a similar memory retrieval procedure, followed by administration of rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), led to a complete abolition of alcohol seeking in a similar retention test (Barak et al, 2013). Moreover, alcohol's taste and odor are intrinsic components of oral alcohol consumption, that reliably predict the onset of the reinforcing effect of alcohol Backstrom et al, 2004;Filbey et al, 2008;Barak et al, 2013;Brasser et al, 2015), and elicit stronger responses compared to other alcoholassociated cues . Therefore, it is likely that exposure to the odor-taste cue triggered the reactivation of a wide range of alcohol-related memories, including those underpinning operant alcohol seeking.…”

Section: Behavioral Interference With Alcohol Memory Reconsolidation mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of relapse to alcohol seeking by aversive counterconditioning following memory retrieval

Goltseker

Handrus

Barak

2019

Preprint

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Relapse to alcohol abuse is often caused by exposure to potent alcohol-associated cues. Therefore, disruption of the cue-alcohol memory can prevent relapse. It is believed that memories destabilize and become prone for updating upon their reactivation through retrieval, and then re-stabilize within 6 h during a "reconsolidation" process. We recently showed that relapse to cocaine seeking could be prevented by counterconditioning the cocaine-cues with aversive outcomes following cocaine-memory retrieval, in a place conditioning paradigm. However, to better model addictionrelated behaviors, self-administration models are necessary. Here, we demonstrate that relapse to alcohol seeking can be prevented by aversive counterconditioning conducted during alcoholmemory reconsolidation, in conditioned place preference (CPP) and operant self-administration paradigms, in mice and rats, respectively. We found that the reinstatement of alcohol-CPP was abolished only when aversive counterconditioning with water-flooding was given shortly after alcohol-memory retrieval. Furthermore, rats trained to lever-press for alcohol showed decreased context-induced renewal of alcohol-seeking responding when the lever-pressing was counterconditioned with foot-shocks, shortly, but not 6 h, after memory retrieval. These results 0suggest that aversive counterconditioning can prevent relapse to alcohol seeking only when performed during alcohol-memory reconsolidation, presumably by updating, or replacing, the alcohol memory with aversive information. Also, we found that aversive counterconditioning preceded by alcohol-memory retrieval was characterized by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA expression in the medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that Bdnf plays a role in the memory updating process. Operant self-administration, Conditioned place preference, BDNFAlcohol place conditioning (days 2-9): Training started 24 h after the Baseline test with one session per day over 8 days, with the sliding door closed. On days 3, 5, 7, and 9, mice were administered with alcohol (1.8 g/kg; i.p.) and immediately confined to the paired compartment for 5 min. On the alternate days (days 2, 4, 6, and 8), mice were administered with saline and were confined to the unpaired compartment for the same duration as on the alcohol-conditioning day.Paired compartments were counterbalanced.Place preference test 1 (day 10): Place preference test was identical to the Baseline stage, and served to index alcohol-CPP (Cunningham et al., 2003). Preference was defined as an increase in the percent of time spent in the alcohol-paired compartment during the Place preference test 1 compared to the Baseline test. Mice that did not show CPP (minimum of 5% change) were excluded from the experiment (3 from Experiment 1; 4 from Experiment 2).Memory retrieval and aversive counterconditioning (days 11-14). Prior to this stage, mice were assigned to different experimental conditions, Retrieval and No Retrieval (matched for CPP scores and sex). Training began 2...

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Alcohol sensory processing and its relevance for ingestion

Cited by 14 publications

References 84 publications

Perceptual and Neural Responses to Sweet Taste in Humans and Rodents

Perceptual and Neural Responses to Sweet Taste in Humans and Rodents

Ethanol thresholds in water and beer

Disruption of relapse to alcohol seeking by aversive counterconditioning following memory retrieval

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