2014
DOI: 10.4172/2329-6887.1000145
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Alcohol-Medication Interactions: The Acetaldehyde Syndrome

Abstract: Medications that inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase when coadministered with alcohol produce accumulation of acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde toxic effects are characterized by facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia and hypotension, symptoms known as acetaldehyde syndrome, disulfiram-like reactions or antabuse effects. Severe and even fatal outcomes are reported. Besides the aversive drugs used in alcohol dependence disulfiram and cyanamide (carbimide), several other pharmaceutical agents are known to produce al… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(4 citation statements)
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References 57 publications
(76 reference statements)
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“…In this category are medications such as Disulfiram, Cephalosporines with a methylthiotetrazole side chain and Chlorpropamide. [91][92][93] Another enzyme system that likely plays a role in alcohol-medication interactions is the P450 reductase and the CYP2E1. 94 However, not all disulfiram-like reactions are yet clarified.…”
Section: Alcohol-medication Interactionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In this category are medications such as Disulfiram, Cephalosporines with a methylthiotetrazole side chain and Chlorpropamide. [91][92][93] Another enzyme system that likely plays a role in alcohol-medication interactions is the P450 reductase and the CYP2E1. 94 However, not all disulfiram-like reactions are yet clarified.…”
Section: Alcohol-medication Interactionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The interaction between metronidazole and alcohol does not occur in all patients, suggesting an individual susceptibility. 92 Other interesting reactions may occur to the topical calcineurin inhibitors, Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus. Five to ten minutes after a local application not only the treated area can become erythematous but flushing of healthy skin, for example the face, may occur.…”
Section: Alcohol-medication Interactionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The toxic effects of acetaldehyde are characterized by facial flashing, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and hypotension (acetaldehyde syndrome), and the severe or even fatal outcomes of these effects have been reported [ [14] , [15] , [16] ]. The chronic toxicity as well as hepatotoxic and neurotoxic effects of higher alcohols have been reported [ [11] , [12] , [13] ]. In addition, Geroyiannaki et al underlined the toxic effects of methanol to the human body (blindness or even death), reporting that the oxidation of methanol in the body is much lower than that that of ethanol [ 2 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%