Alcohol interaction with high entropy states of macromolecules: critical temperature hypothesis for anesthesia cutoff

Kaminoh, Yoshiroh; Nishimura, Shinya; Kamaya, Hiroshi; Ueda, I.

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(92)90014-d

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1). Similar characteristics are found when considering the effect of anesthetics on membrane thickness (McIntosh et al, 1980), membrane fluidity and on the partitioning of the agents between membranal phases (Kaminoh et al, 1992). An ordinal scale of several anesthetic depth indicators is in use in clinical monitoring (Smith et al, 1996).…”

Section: General Considerationssupporting

confidence: 71%

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Four Applications of the Anesthetic Cut-off Effect

Katz

2000

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

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This article presents and analyses several cases in which the use of the cut-off effect is useful. It starts from the fact that an anesthetic effect of homologous agents is always expressible as a function of their chain lengths and that the cut-off point is a point at which the function vanishes. We then investigate four categories of results: (i) whole body effects. (ii) Cases in which the anesthetics affect the Hodgkin-Huxley parameters of a nerve. (iii) Molecular mechanisms of anesthetic action. (iv) The physical chemistry of the anesthetic process. Our discussion shows that it is possible to incorporate these apparently remote results into one framework. It also shows how to compare results that were gathered by independent measuring methods. In some instances we suggest an interpretation, in others we suggest a further gathering of experimental data. One of the deductions indicates that a weakness exists in the lipid theories of anesthesia.

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Section: General Considerationssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Nevertheless, each of them can be described by a smooth graph et al (1981)]. (b) The difference in partition coefficients of n-alcohols between the liquid crystal and solid DPPC bilayer [data from Kaminoh et al (1992)]. (c) The effect of alcohol size on bilayer thickness [data from McIntosh et al (1980)].…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Applications of the Anesthetic Cut-off Effect

Katz

2000

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

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“…A similar mechanism was later suggested for anesthetic action on membrane proteins [25]. One model suggested that lateral phase separation the membrane followed by fluidity changes of the phospholipid matrix is essential for normal physiological function.…”

Section: Phase Transition and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Anesthesia interferes with this function by abolishing phase separation [23]. Another model [25] envisions nerve excitation as a transition between the two states of the excitation machinery consisting of proteins and lipids, proposing that both proteins and lipids change their conformation at excitation. It thus proposes that anesthesia occurs when compounds have a higher affinity to the resting state than to the excited state of excitable membranes, and that there is a critical tempera-ture above which the affinity to the excited state becomes greater than to the resting state.…”

Section: Phase Transition and Anesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermochemical analysis of inhalational anesthetics

Katz

Aharon

1997

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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The mechanism of the anesthetic process is of interest both to the clinician and to the pharmacologist. However, this is still an unsettled issue and a multitude of models have been proposed for the process. Noticing that most models propose either a molecular perturbation by the agents or an effect on some colligative property, we explore in this article the thermodynamical consequences of these postulations. Comparison of these with experimental findings is then made. The comparison shows the inconsistency of many of the models with the facts: (i) it refutes the long accepted conviction, culminated in the 'unitary hypothesis', that general anesthetics act not at a particular receptor site but invariably on all. Some consequences of this finding are demonstrated. (ii) it implies that a simple phospholipid medium is not feasible as an anesthetic site. (iii) it infers that proteins do have the properties required from anesthetic sites.

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“…Various authors have shown that transitions are influenced by drugs, e.g., by anesthetics, neurotransmitters or peptides (35). Anesthetics lower the transition temperature of lipids by a well-known mechanism called melting-point depression (3,(40)(41)(42). The observed pressure-reversal of anesthesia is well explained by the influence of hydrostatic pressure on melting transitions (42)(43)(44).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melting transitions in biomembranes

Mužić¹,

Tounsi²,

Madsen³

et al. 2019

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes

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We investigated melting transitions in biological membranes in their native state that include their membrane proteins. These membranes originated from E. coli, B. subtilis, lung surfactant and nerve tissue from the spinal cord of several mammals. For some preparations, we studied the pressure, pH and ionic strength dependence of the transition. For porcine spine, we compared the transition of the native membrane to that of the extracted lipids. All preparations displayed melting transitions of 10-20 degrees below physiological or growth temperature, independent of the organism of origin and the respective cell type. The position of transitions in E. coli membranes depends on the growth temperature. We discuss these findings in the context of the thermodynamic theory of membrane fluctuations that leads to largely altered elastic constants, an increase in fluctuation lifetime and in membrane permeability associated with the transitions. We also discuss how to distinguish lipid transitions from protein unfolding transitions. Since the feature of a transition slightly below physiological temperature is conserved even when growth conditions change, we conclude that the transitions are likely to be of major biological importance for the survival and the function of the cell.

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Alcohol interaction with high entropy states of macromolecules: critical temperature hypothesis for anesthesia cutoff

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Four Applications of the Anesthetic Cut-off Effect

Four Applications of the Anesthetic Cut-off Effect

A thermochemical analysis of inhalational anesthetics

Melting transitions in biomembranes

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