Alcohol induced effects on kidney

Abstract

After administration ethanol and its metabolites go through kidneys and are excreted into urine, and its content in the urine is higher than that of the blood and the liver. Chronic ethanol administration decreases the renal tubular reabsorption and reduces renal function. Multiple functional abnormalities of renal tubules may be associated with ethanol-induced changes in membrane composition and lipid peroxidation. The vulnerability of the kidney to oxidative damage has been partly attributed to its high content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Renal ultra structural abnormalities due to ethanol exposure may be important in the genesis of functional disturbances. Increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction with their complex interrelationships are relevant aspects of atherogenesis in chronic renal failure. Antioxidants, particularly polyphenols are expected to decrease the vulnerability of the kidney to oxidative challenges.

Effects of Maalox Plus® Antacid and PureCal® Calcium Supplement on Physical Characteristics, Body Weight, Tissue Minerals and Histopathology of Rats Subjected to Alcohol Intoxication

“…This corroborates prior assertions that the essence of functional disturbances of the kidney after ethanol exposure is down to the ultrastructural abnormalities experienced [55]. Conclusions linking kidney degeneration to alcohol causing a surge in protein and acetaldehyde oxidation and thus causing an increase in reactive oxygen species which are responsible for oxidative stress have also been deduced [51].…”

Chronic ethanol consumption induces mitochondrial protein acetylation and oxidative stress in the kidney

“…An often-overlooked condition of those hospitalized with ALD is kidney failure, which contributes significantly to patient mortality [33] . While impaired kidney function is a known result of ethanol toxicity, elucidating mechanisms of ethanol-induced kidney damage requires further attention [8,34,35] . Recent literature has demonstrated numerous ethanol-related impairments of renal function.…”

“…The onset of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) correlates with chronic kidney disease; however, the impact of ethanol consumption on renal function remains largely unexamined [7] . Disruptions in renal function include increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction [8] . While some studies suggest that chronic ethanol ingestion is not nephrotoxic, the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) associates with the mortality of ALD [5,8] .…”

“…Disruptions in renal function include increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction [8] . While some studies suggest that chronic ethanol ingestion is not nephrotoxic, the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) associates with the mortality of ALD [5,8] . Thus, due to the fact that chronic ethanol consumption affects organ systems other than the liver, understanding the mechanisms that lead to impaired renal function is central to alleviating ethanol-related mortality.…”

Extracellular ATP protects pancreatic duct epithelial cells from alcohol-induced damage through P2Y1 receptor-cAMP signal pathway

“…Other cell types experience alcohol concentration as blood alcohol content (BAC). Ethanol toxicity is well studied in a variety of tissues including liver, brain, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract (Alfonso-Loeches & Guerri 2011; Bujanda 2000; Das Kumar & Vasudevan 2008; Gramenzi et al 2006). These studies have indicated that ethanol induces apoptosis through oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and caspase activation (Chen et al 2011; Lee et al 2010; Olney et al 2002; Ramachandran et al 2003; Seo et al 2013).…”