Alcohol drinking and risk of small for gestational age birth

Chiaffarino, Francesça; Parazzini, Fabio; Chatenoud, Liliane; Ricci, Elena; Sandretti, F; Cipriani, Sonia; Caserta, Donatella; Fedele, Luigi

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602419

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This effect was greater in smokers but was not observed in infrequent drinkers (Mariscal et al 2006). Another case-control study (n=555), found that small for gestational age (as opposed to low birth weight) was associated with intake of more than 3.6 standard drinks per day during pregnancy and the effect was more marked with exposure in the first trimester (OR 2.67; 95% CI 1.39-5.12) than in the second or third trimester (Chiaffarino et al 2006). Limitations of these two studies included reliance on retrospective, self-reporting of alcohol intake.…”

Section: Guideline 4: Pregnancy and Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

et al. 2014

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Objective: To determine the proportion of alcohol‐related presentations to emergency departments (EDs) in Australia and New Zealand, at a single time point on a weekend night shift. Design, setting and participants: A point prevalence survey of ED patients either waiting to be seen or currently being seen conducted at 02:00 local time on 14 December 2013 in 106 EDs in Australia and New Zealand. Main outcome measures: The number of ED presentations that were alcohol‐related, defined using World Health Organization ICD‐10 codes. Results: At the 106 hospitals (92 Australia, 14 New Zealand) that provided data, 395 (14.3%; 95% CI, 13.0%–15.6%) of 2766 patients in EDs at the study time were presenting for alcohol‐related reasons; 13.8% (95% CI, 12.5%–15.2%) in Australia and 17.9% (95% CI, 13.9%–22.8%) in New Zealand. The distribution was skewed left, with proportions ranging from 0 to 50% and a median of 12.5%. Nine Australian hospitals and one New Zealand hospital reported that more than a third of their ED patients had alcohol‐related presentations; the Northern Territory (38.1%) and Western Australia (21.1%) reported the highest proportions of alcohol‐related presentations. Conclusions: One in seven ED presentations in Australian and New Zealand at this 02:00 snapshot were alcohol‐related, with some EDs seeing more than one in three alcohol‐related presentations. This confirms that alcohol‐related presentations to EDs are currently underreported and makes a strong case for public health initiatives.

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Section: Guideline 4: Pregnancy and Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

et al. 2014

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“…Such environmental effects can be dramatic, as evidenced by the morphological effects of drugs such as valproic acid (VPA), a simple short-chain fatty acid and an effective anti-epileptic (Duncan 2007;Eadie 2008), or more subtle, as in the complex effects on foetal development associated with high maternal alcohol consumption (Chiaffarino et al 2006;Disney et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic responses to environmental change and their evolutionary implications

Turner

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

228

171

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Chromatin is a complex of DNA, RNA, histones and non-histone proteins and provides the platform on which the transcriptional machinery operates in eukaryotes. The structure and configuration of chromatin are manipulated by families of enzymes, some catalysing the dynamic addition and removal of chemical ligands to selected protein amino acids and some directly altering or displacing the basic structural units. The activities of many of these enzymes are sensitive to environmental and metabolic agents and can thereby serve as sensors through which environmental agents can alter gene expression. Such changes can, in turn, precipitate either local or cell-wide changes as the initial effect spreads through multiple interactive networks. This review discusses the increasingly well-understood mechanisms through which these enzymes alter chromatin function. In some cases at least, it seems that the effects on gene expression may persist even after the removal of the inducing agent, and can be passed on, through mitosis, to subsequent cell generations, constituting a heritable, epigenetic change. If such changes occur in germ cells or their precursors, then they may be passed on to subsequent generations. Mechanisms are now known to exist through which an epigenetic change might give rise to a localized change in DNA sequence exerting the same functional effect, thereby converting an epigenetic to a genetic change. If the induced genetic change has phenotypic effects on which selection can act, then this hypothetical chain of events constitutes a potential route through which the environment might directly influence evolution.

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“…This is a case-control study on risk factors of preterm birth [3,4] . Cases were 502 women (mean age 31 years) who had spontaneous preterm delivery, without premature rupture of membranes, at 28 to !…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to offer further information on the issue, we present the results of a case-control study conducted in Italy on risk factors for preterm birth [3,4] . This study provided the opportunity to analyze the effect of induced abortion on the risk of preterm birth of small-for-gestational age (SGA) and normal-for-gestational age (NGA) babies and at different gestational ages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Induced Abortion Increase the Risk of Preterm Birth? Results from a Case-Control Study

Parazzini

Ricci

Chiaffarino

et al. 2009

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Aims: We analyzed the association between previous induced abortions and risk of preterm birth. Methods: This was a case-control study. Cases were 502 women who delivered preterm babies at the Clinica Luigi Mangiagalli and the Obstetric and Gynecology Clinic of the University of Verona. Controls were 1,966 women who gave birth at term (≧37 weeks of gestation) to healthy infants of normal weight. Results: The odds ratio for all preterm births was 0.7 (95% CI 0.5–1.1) for women reporting 1 induced abortion and 1.6 (95% CI 0.7–3.5) for those reporting 2 or more induced abortions (χ² trend p = 0.81). Previous induced abortions did not increase the risk of preterm birth, both in small and normal for gestational age preterm infants. No difference emerged in risk factors for infants born at <32 and 32–36 gestational weeks. Conclusion: This study does not support the suggestion that induced abortions, as performed in Italy during the study period, increase the risk of preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancies.

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Alcohol drinking and risk of small for gestational age birth

Cited by 34 publications

References 17 publications

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

Epigenetic responses to environmental change and their evolutionary implications

Does Induced Abortion Increase the Risk of Preterm Birth? Results from a Case-Control Study

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