Alcohol Availability, Prenatal Conditions, and Long-Term Economic Outcomes

Nilsson, J. Peter

doi:10.1086/692694

Cited by 103 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…These results support and extend further the current literature on the long-term negative effects of alcohol consumption during adolescence in a number of ways [15][16][17][18]. First, supporting previous research on increased alcohol availability, we found that lowering the legal age limit for alcohol purchases can have long-term alcoholrelated health consequences [2,[5][6][7][8][9]. Secondly, the study provides further evidence that alcohol consumption during adolescence is associated with later health problems [16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Evidence suggests that increased alcohol availability is associated with increased alcohol consumption, which in turn increases alcohol-related harm on a population level [1][2][3][4]. Previous research, using a natural experiment setting of a policy change, has investigated the short-and long-term effects of changing the legal age limit for alcohol purchases on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm [5][6][7][8][9][10]. One area where research is scarce, but potential costs are high, concerns the association between increased alcohol availability during adolescence and the risk of disability pension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of increased alcohol availability during adolescence on the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific disability pension: a natural experiment

et al. 2017

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AimTo test if being exposed to increased alcohol availability during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of receiving disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorders and mental disorders.DesignRegister‐based population‐based study using a natural experiment setting, the alcohol policy change in Sweden (1967–68), with increased access to strong beer in a narrow time window and geographical area. The individuals exposed to the policy change were compared with non‐exposed individuals living in the rest of Sweden, excluding a border area.SettingSweden.ParticipantsA total of 518 810 individuals (70 761 in the intervention group; 448 049 in the control group) born 1948–1953, aged 14–20 years during the policy change.MeasurementsDate and diagnosis of the outcome variable of disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorders and mental disorders were obtained from the Swedish National Social Insurance Agency database from 1971 to 2013. Individual and family level socio‐demographic and health‐related covariates, as well as a regional level covariate, were included.FindingsCompared with the control group, adolescents exposed to the alcohol policy change were at an increased risk of receiving disability pension due to all‐causes [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–1.11], alcohol use disorders (HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.30) and mental disorders (HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.15–1.23).ConclusionIn Sweden, a natural experiment with a 43‐year follow‐up suggests that exposure to increased alcohol availability during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of receiving a disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorder and mental disorder diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of increased alcohol availability during adolescence on the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific disability pension: a natural experiment

et al. 2017

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“…So the pregnancies were not due to an increase in unplanned pregnancies resulting from risky sexual behaviours following increased alcohol consumption. The author of the study found that children born to mothers under 21 who were pregnant for the longest period during the policy change (5 to 8.5 months) had lower earnings and wages, were more likely to be unemployed, and had higher welfare dependency rates, compared to cohorts from other parts of Sweden, or those occurring just before or just after the policy change (Nilsson, 2014).…”

Section: Instrumental Variable Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal Inference in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Research

Gage

Munafò

Smith

2016

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

153

152

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Studies of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) often rely on prospective observational data, from which associations between developmental exposures and outcomes in later life can be identified. Typically, conventional statistical methods are used in an attempt to mitigate problems inherent in observational data, such as confounding and reverse causality, but these have serious limitations. In this review, we discuss a variety of methods that are increasingly being used in observational epidemiological studies to help strengthen causal inference. These methods include negative controls, cross-contextual designs, instrumental variables (including Mendelian randomization), family-based studies, and natural experiments. Applications within the DOHaD framework, and in relation to behavioral, psychiatric, and psychological domains, are considered, and the considerable potential for expanding the use of these methods is outlined.

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“…Using administrative data from Sweden, Nilsson (2016) finds that prenatal exposure to alcohol consumption damages cognitive and non-cognitive ability, educational attainment, and labor market outcomes; effects are mostly through prenatal health. Using administrative data to follow all children born between 1964 and 1972 in Sweden, the author exploits a policy that increased the availability of strong beer products both in general and to under 21 people in particular in two regions between November 1967 and July 1968.…”

Section: Studies: Other In-utero Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Economic Activity Over the Lifecycle: Literature Review

Prinz¹,

Chernew²,

Cutler³

et al. 2018

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We systematically review the literature linking health to economic activity, particularly education and labor market outcomes, over the lifecycle. In the first part, we review studies that link childhood health to later-life outcomes. The main themes we focus on are in-utero exposures, birthweight, physical health and nutrition, mental health, and the environment. In the second part, we review studies of the impact of health on labor market success for adults. The main themes we focus on are the environment, disability, physical health shocks, within-household spillovers, cancer, and mental health.

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Alcohol Availability, Prenatal Conditions, and Long-Term Economic Outcomes

Cited by 103 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of increased alcohol availability during adolescence on the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific disability pension: a natural experiment

Effects of increased alcohol availability during adolescence on the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific disability pension: a natural experiment

Causal Inference in Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Research

Health and Economic Activity Over the Lifecycle: Literature Review

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