Alcohol-Attributable Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States, 1999–2009

Landen, Michael; Roeber, Jim; Naimi, Timothy S.; Nielsen, Larry A.; Sewell, Mack

doi:10.2105/ajph.2013.301648

Cited by 79 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…12 American Indians and native Alaskans had a significantly higher mortality from chronic ALD compared with white people. 13 Recently, genome-wide association studies found that the patatinlike phospholipasedomain containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) gene is associated with increased hepatic fat content and an increased risk of developing both alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 14 A meta-analysis found that the PNPLA3 polymorphism increases the risk of developing the entire spectrum of ALD and is associated with increased disease severity.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Alcoholic Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of Alcoholic Liver Disease

Chacko

Reinus

2016

Clinics in Liver Disease

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Section: Epidemiology Of Alcoholic Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of Alcoholic Liver Disease

Chacko

Reinus

2016

Clinics in Liver Disease

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“…For example, a recent report indicated that 8 th graders living on or near reservations report much higher rates of “gotten drunk” and “binge drinking” (18.5% and 18.3%, respectively) relative to national rates (4.9% and 7.1%, respectively) (Stanley, Harness, Swaim, & Beauvais, 2014). Also, the burden of alcohol-attributable deaths is high, with AI/AN persons having had a substantially higher rate of alcohol-attributable death than Whites from 2005 to 2009 in counties covered by the Indian Health Service (Landen, Roeber, Naimi, Nielsen, & Sewell, 2014). …”

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confidence: 99%

Cultural Identity Among Urban American Indian/Alaska Native Youth: Implications for Alcohol and Drug Use

Brown

Dickerson²,

D’Amico

2016

Prev Sci

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American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth exhibit high rates of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, which is often linked to the social and cultural upheaval experienced by AI/ANs during the colonization of North America. Urban AI/AN youth may face unique challenges, including increased acculturative stress due to lower concentrations of AI/AN populations in urban areas. Few existing studies have explored cultural identity among urban AI/AN youth and its association with AOD use. Objectives This study used systematic qualitative methods with AI/AN communities in two urban areas within California to shed light on how urban AI/AN youth construct cultural identity and how this relates to AOD use and risk behaviors. Methods We conducted 10 focus groups with a total of 70 youth, parents, providers, and Community Advisory Board members and used team-based structured thematic analysis in the Dedoose software platform. Results We identified 12 themes: intergenerational stressors, cultural disconnection, AI/AN identity as protective, pan-tribal identity, mixed racial-ethnic identity, rural vs. urban environments, the importance of AI/AN institutions, stereotypes and harassment, cultural pride, developmental trajectories, risks of being AI/AN, and mainstream culture clash. Overall, youth voiced curiosity about their AI/AN roots and expressed interest in deepening their involvement in cultural activities. Adults described the myriad ways in which involvement in cultural activities provides therapeutic benefits for AI/AN youth. Conclusions Interventions that provide urban AI/AN youth with an opportunity to engage in cultural activities and connect with positive and healthy constructs in AI/AN culture may provide added impact to existing interventions.

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“…However, the proportion of these deaths with alcohol or drugs listed as a factor among rural and remote residents (14%) was less than half that of urban AN residents (32%). Alcohol or other drugs were a contributing factor for a much higher proportion of natural environment deaths among AN than AKWs, a pattern also documented in a national study of American Indian/Alaska Native and USW mortality [20]. Although commonly believed to warm the body, alcohol consumption has been demonstrated to lower core body temperature in cold weather conditions, thereby exacerbating hypothermia risk [12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Disproportionately higher unintentional injury mortality among Alaska Native people, 2006–2015

Day

Holck

Strayer

et al. 2018

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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We compared rates of unintentional injury (UI) deaths (total and by injury category) among Alaska Native (AN) people to rates of U.S. White (USW) and Alaska White (AKW) populations during 2006–2015. The mortality data for AN and AKW populations were obtained from Alaska Bureau of Vital Statistics and USW mortality data were obtained from WISQARS, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention online injury data program. AN and AKW rates were age-adjusted to the U.S. 2000 Standard Population and rate ratios (RR) were calculated. AN people had higher age-adjusted total UI mortality than the USW (RR = 2.6) and AKW (RR = 2.3) populations. Poisoning was the leading cause of UI death among AN people (35.9 per 100,000), more than twice that of USW (RR = 2.9) and AKW (RR = 2.5). Even greater disparities were found between AN people and USW for: natural environment (RR = 20.7), transport-other land (RR = 12.4), and drowning/submersion (RR = 9.1). Rates of AN UI were markedly higher than rates for either USW or AKW. Identifying all the ways in which alcohol/drugs contribute to UI deaths would aid in prevention efforts. All transportation deaths should be integrated into one fatality rate to provide more consistent comparisons between groups.

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Alcohol-Attributable Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States, 1999–2009

Abstract: Proven strategies that reduce alcohol consumption and make the environment safer for excessive drinkers should be further implemented in AI/AN communities.

Cited by 79 publications

References 24 publications

Spectrum of Alcoholic Liver Disease

Spectrum of Alcoholic Liver Disease

Cultural Identity Among Urban American Indian/Alaska Native Youth: Implications for Alcohol and Drug Use

Disproportionately higher unintentional injury mortality among Alaska Native people, 2006–2015

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