Alcohol and parenthood: An integrative analysis of the effects of transition to parenthood in three Australasian cohorts

Borschmann, Rohan; Becker, Denise; Spry, Elizabeth; Youssef, George; Olsson, Craig A.; Hutchinson, Delyse; Silins, Edmund; Boden, Joseph M.; Moreno‐Betancur, Margarita; Najman, Jake M.; Degenhardt, Louisa; Mattick, Richard P.; Romaniuk, Helena; Horwood, L. John; Patton, George C

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.004

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Some of these risk factor patterns differ from those reported in earlier studies, most of which have been based on much smaller surveys. In particular, the lack of a positive relationship between childlessness and alcohol use and smoking does not fit well with studies showing (at least temporary) effects of having a child [44][45][46][47]. Also, some investigations have shown positive associations between higher parity and smoking [27,48,49] or no association [50], while alcohol use, as in our study, was found to decrease with higher parity, although only among women [27].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

The association between parity, CVD mortality and CVD risk factors among Norwegian women and men

Kravdal

Tverdal

Grundy

2020

European Journal of Public Health

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Background Several studies have shown that women and men with two children have lower mortality than the childless, but there is less certainty about mortality, including CVD mortality, at higher parities and meagre knowledge about factors underlying the parity–mortality relationship. Methods The association between parity and CVD mortality was analyzed by estimating discrete-time hazard models for women and men aged 40–80 in 1975–2015. Register data covering the entire Norwegian population were used, and the models included a larger number of relevant sociodemographic control variables than in many previous studies. To analyze the relationship between parity and seven CVD risk factors, logistic models including the same variables as the mortality models were estimated from the CONOR collection of health surveys, linked to the register data. Results Men (but not women) who had four or more children had higher mortality from CVD than those with two, although this excess mortality was not observed for the heart disease sub-group. Overweight, possibly in part a result of less physical activity, seems to play a role in this. All CVD risk factors except smoking and alcohol may contribute to the relatively high CVD mortality among childless. Conclusions Childbearing is related to a number of well-known CVD risk factors, and becoming a parent or having an additional child is, on the whole, associated with lower—or at least not higher—CVD mortality in Norway. However, for men family sizes beyond three children are associated with increased CVD mortality, with risks of overweight one possible pathway.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

The association between parity, CVD mortality and CVD risk factors among Norwegian women and men

Kravdal

Tverdal

Grundy

2020

European Journal of Public Health

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“…First, the self‐reported indicators of fathers’ alcohol use were measured in fathers’ youth. Considering that alcohol use tends to vary across the life‐course, and in particular around life‐events such as parenthood , the variables do not measure actual exposure to parental drinking during the offspring childhood, but rather whether fathers’ alcohol use in youth translates into risk for suicide in offspring. In relation to this, the finding that only the heaviest alcohol use categories are associated with suicidal behaviour in offspring may reflect a higher degree of misclassification in the lower consumption categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fathers’ alcohol use and suicidal behaviour in offspring during youth and young adulthood

Landberg

Danielsson

Hemmingsson

2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Fathers' alcohol use and suicidal behaviour in offspring during youth and young adulthood Landberg J, Danielsson A-K, Hemmingsson T. Fathers' alcohol use and suicidal behaviour in offspring during youth and young adulthood.Objective: To examine the association between various indicators of father's alcohol use and suicidal behaviour in offspring during youth and young adulthood. Methods: The study is based on a cohort of 68 910 Swedish citizens who were born between 1970 and 1985 and have fathers who participated in conscription for compulsory military training in 1969/ 70. Information on fathers' alcohol use was collected during conscription. Offspring was followed for suicide attempts or completed suicides (through linkage with national registers) from age 12 to end of follow-up in 2008. Results: After adjustment for confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) for offspring to fathers who were heavy drinkers was 1.4 (95% CI 1.02, 1.93) while the associations turned non-significant for offspring to fathers who often drank into intoxication, HR 1.14 (0.68, 1.90). The highest risk for suicidal behaviour was found for offspring to fathers who had been apprehended for drunkenness two times or more, or with an alcohol-related hospitalization, with adjusted HRs of 2.1 (1.4, 3,14) and 1.9 (1.27, 2,85) respectively. Conclusion: Fathers' alcohol use is associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviour among offspring in youth and young adulthood. Significant outcomes• The highest risk for suicidal behaviour was found for offspring to fathers with the most problematic consumption, that is having been apprehended for drunkenness or with an diagnosed alcohol-related disorder.• Offspring to fathers drinking heavily, but without alcohol-related disorders, were also of increased risk for suicidal behaviour.• Most indicators of fathers' alcohol use had an effect over and above other predictors of suicidal behaviour in offspring that tend to co-occur with parental heavy drinking. Limitations• The self-reported indicators of fathers' alcohol use were measured in fathers' youth and do not measure actual exposure to parental drinking during the offspring childhood, but rather whether fathers' alcohol use in youth translates into risk for suicide in offspring.• We had no self-reported information on maternal alcohol use. 563

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“…Or it may be that fathers who have otherwise healthy mental health profiles may turn to alcohol as a relaxant to adjust to the normative stress of the transition to parenthood (58,110). In a large analysis of three Australian and New Zealand cohort studies there was little evidence of new fathers reducing pre-conception risky drinking behaviors over the transition to parenthood (115). Prior prospective evidence also suggests that there is a stronger causal relationship between alcohol use and subsequent depression than vice versa (116).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of Depressive Symptoms and Anger in Men: Associations With Postpartum Family Functioning

et al. 2020

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Background: Evidence suggests that men commonly experience depression as feelings of anger; yet, research has not investigated what this means for the manifestation of depressive symptoms in the early years of fatherhood and for key indicators of family functioning.Methods: Using data from a longitudinal cohort study of men at the normative age for entering fatherhood (28–32 years), we conducted latent class analyses to identify patterns of depressive symptoms and 3 sub-types of state anger (feeling; verbal; physical). We then assessed whether class membership was associated with paternity status (n = 535). In a subsample of fathers of infants aged up to 18 months (n = 162), we prospectively assessed associations with paternal-infant bonding, co-parenting, perceived social support, paternal involvement in childcare and alcohol use up to 2 years later.Results: Five classes emerged that differentiated men by anger and depressive symptom severity and by the degree to which men endorsed the feeling of wanting to express anger physically. Compared to the reference class with minimal symptoms, fathers had a higher probability of being in either the mild or most severe symptom classes. Men in symptomatic classes were at higher risk of lower levels of social support, co-parenting problems, and paternal-infant bonds. Class membership was not associated with alcohol use or paternal involvement in childcare.Conclusions: Our results reveal patterns of co-existing symptoms of depression and anger in fathers of infants that will be relevant to men's own need for support, their family safety, partner mental health and child developmental outcomes.

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Alcohol and parenthood: An integrative analysis of the effects of transition to parenthood in three Australasian cohorts

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

The association between parity, CVD mortality and CVD risk factors among Norwegian women and men

The association between parity, CVD mortality and CVD risk factors among Norwegian women and men

Fathers’ alcohol use and suicidal behaviour in offspring during youth and young adulthood

Profiles of Depressive Symptoms and Anger in Men: Associations With Postpartum Family Functioning

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