Alcohol and Nicotine Consumption during Pregnancy

Römer, Pia; Kemmerich, Robin; Petermann, Franz; Mathes, Birgit; Zierul, Claudia

doi:10.1024/0939-5911/a000815

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, mothers with a low education level reported more often that they smoked while being pregnant, which we interpreted in relation to heightened pre-pregnancy burdens and fewer resources for coping strategies. On the other hand, an Islamic cultural background often prevented drinking during pregnancies [ 117 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities Affect Brain Responses of Infants Growing Up in Germany

Wienke,

Mathes

2024

Brain Sciences

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Developmental changes in functional neural networks are sensitive to environmental influences. This EEG study investigated how infant brain responses relate to the social context that their families live in. Event-related potentials of 255 healthy, awake infants between six and fourteen months were measured during a passive auditory oddball paradigm. Infants were presented with 200 standard tones and 48 randomly distributed deviants. All infants are part of a longitudinal study focusing on families with socioeconomic and/or cultural challenges (Bremen Initiative to Foster Early Childhood Development; BRISE; Germany). As part of their familial socioeconomic status (SES), parental level of education and infant’s migration background were assessed with questionnaires. For 30.6% of the infants both parents had a low level of education (≤10 years of schooling) and for 43.1% of the infants at least one parent was born abroad. The N2–P3a complex is associated with unintentional directing of attention to deviant stimuli and was analysed in frontocentral brain regions. Age was utilised as a control variable. Our results show that tone deviations in infants trigger an immature N2–P3a complex. Contrary to studies with older children or adults, the N2 amplitude was more positive for deviants than for standards. This may be related to an immature superposition of the N2 with the P3a. For infants whose parents had no high-school degree and were born abroad, this tendency was increased, indicating that facing multiple challenges as a young family impacts on the infant’s early neural development. As such, attending to unexpected stimulus changes may be important for early learning processes. Variations of the infant N2–P3a complex may, thus, relate to early changes in attentional capacity and learning experiences due to familial challenges. This points towards the importance of early prevention programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities Affect Brain Responses of Infants Growing Up in Germany

Wienke,

Mathes

2024

Brain Sciences

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Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum in der Schwangerschaft

Mons,

Schaller

2024

SUCHT

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Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Sowohl Alkohol- als auch Tabakkonsum während der Schwangerschaft bedeuten erhebliche Gesundheitsrisiken für das ungeborene Kind. Dazu gehören Entwicklungsstörungen und kognitive Beeinträchtigungen bei den Kindern. Durch Verzicht auf Alkohol und Tabak während der Schwangerschaft sind diese Risiken vollständig vermeidbar. Ziel: Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Möglichkeiten der Prävention und Intervention, wie Aufklärung, Kurzinterventionen und Behandlungs- und Unterstützungsangebote. Des Weiteren wird die Bedeutung eines systematischen Screenings in Einrichtungen des Gesundheitssystems hervorgehoben, um Schwangere frühzeitig zu identifizieren und so den Zugang zu Unterstützungsangeboten zu ermöglichen. Schlussfolgerungen: Allerdings behindern gravierende Lücken im deutschen Versorgungssystem eine leitliniengerechte Prävention und Behandlung. Nicht zuletzt ist es eine gesamtgesellschaftliche und gesundheitspolitische Aufgabe, ein Umfeld zu schaffen, in dem der Verzicht auf Alkohol und Tabak die Norm darstellt und so die Entscheidung für ein rauch- und alkoholfreies Leben, während der Schwangerschaft und darüber hinaus, gefördert wird.

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