Alcohol and drug toxicology screens at time of hospitalization do not predict PTSD or depression after traumatic injury

McLaughlin, Cory; Kearns, Nathan T.; Roden-Foreman, Jacob W.; Roden-Foreman, Kenleigh; Rainey, Evan Elizabeth; Funk, Geoffrey; Powers, Mark B.; Warren, Ann Marie

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.06.026

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Interestingly, PTSD–substance use co-occurrence classes did not statistically differ on alcohol, AmED, and marijuana use endorsement. These findings may be also be indicative of the sample, given that young adults typically report higher rates of current alcohol and marijuana use than adolescent and broader adult populations (Johnston et al, 2017); this high use prevalence may make classes less distinguishable (McLaughlin et al, 2017). Future work is needed to replicate these findings in other contextually and developmentally distinct trauma populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coping strategy utilization among posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and substance use co-occurrence typologies: A latent class analysis.

Kearns¹,

Contractor²,

Weiss³

et al. 2021

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: There is a lack of research on primary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and substance use among trauma-exposed populations. To guide the development of more effective prevention efforts, the current study sought to identify underlying coping mechanisms that impact PTSD-substance use co-occurrence. Method: A person-centered analytic approach (latent class analysis) examined PTSD-substance use co-occurrence typologies (classes) and identified theoretically adaptive (e.g., active coping) and maladaptive (e.g., denial) coping strategies that differentiated between classes among a sample of 1,270 trauma-exposed participants (M age ϭ 20.71, 73.5% female, 45.7% White). Results: Latent class analysis identified five distinct typologies, reflective of extant epidemiological and etiological work. Generally, behavioral disengagement and self-blame coping increased the likelihood of being in more severe PTSD-illicit substance use (e.g., cocaine) comorbidity classes. Positive reframing and planning differentiated between low and moderate illicit substance typologies with moderate PTSD severity. Venting, acceptance, and self-distraction differentiated between asymptomatic and moderate PTSD severity typologies with low illicit substance use. Conclusions: Findings identify general coping strategies associated with increased likelihood of being in more severe comorbidity typologies, as well as several unique coping strategies associated with risk of transitioning between low/moderate PTSD and illicit substance use classes. Relevant interventions (e.g., trauma psychoeducation, guilt-reduction therapy, psychological first aid) that may be targets for future prevention-oriented work are discussed. Clinical Impact StatementThis study indicates that there are distinct PTSD-substance use co-occurrence typologies that utilize unique coping strategies for distress. Identification of these differentiating strategies may facilitate the development of more effective prevention efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coping strategy utilization among posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and substance use co-occurrence typologies: A latent class analysis.

Kearns¹,

Contractor²,

Weiss³

et al. 2021

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There were 100 records that reported on the prevalence of AOD involvement in injury events. Of the 100 records that reported on all causes of injury (excluding transport events), 30 studies reported on the prevalence of AOD involvement in patients presenting to hospital after falls 24–52. One of these studies was excluded, since it reported exclusively on patients who denied consuming alcohol in the past year 38.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies were predominantly from the USA (13 studies) 24 26–28 31 36 39 41–44 48–52. There were two studies from Norway,25 29 30 46 and one each from Bhutan,35 Ghana,37 Spain,33 34 Taiwan,32 45 Tanzania45 and the UK 40.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six records reported on the prevalence of any alcohol and/or drug involvement in falls, with prevalence ranging from 25% to 53% (table 3). 25 30 33 34 39 41 Two papers reported on the MOTIVA study33 34 and two reported on overlapping cohorts from the Oslo University Hospital 25 30. For the MOTIVA study, which involved systematic AOD screening in trauma patients to determine eligibility for a brief intervention to reduce trauma recidivism, Cordovilla-Guardia et al 34 was included in meta-analyses as it reported on a larger subset of the total MOTIVA study population compared with the other paper from this study 33.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Publication bias was not assessed, as less than 10 studies were included. However, three studies had either considerable levels of missing AOD data or only completed AOD testing at the discretion of clinicians, which may have biased results 34 39 41. Therefore, based on GRADE criteria, quality of the evidence was assessed as moderate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of alcohol and other drug use in patients presenting to hospital for fall-related injuries: a systematic review

et al. 2022

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BackgroundAlcohol and other drug (AOD) use is a key preventable risk factor for serious injuries. Prevention strategies to date have largely focused on transport injuries, despite AOD use being a significant risk factor for other injury causes, including falls. This systematic review aimed to report the prevalence of AOD use in patients presenting to hospital for fall-related injuries.MethodsThis systematic review includes studies published in English after the year 2010 that objectively measured the prevalence of AOD use in patients presenting to hospital for a fall-related injury. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessments were completed by two independent reviewers. Data were presented using narrative synthesis and, where appropriate, meta-analyses.ResultsA total of 12 707 records were screened. Full texts were retrieved for 2042 records, of which 29 were included. Four studies reported the combined prevalence of any alcohol and/or drug use, generating a pooled prevalence estimate of 37% (95% CI 25% to 49%). Twenty-two records reported on the prevalence of acute alcohol use alone and nine reported specifically on the prevalence of drugs other than alcohol, with prevalence ranging from 2% to 57% and 7% to 46%, respectively. The variation in prevalence estimates likely resulted from differences in toxicology testing methods across studies.ConclusionsAOD exposure was common in hospitalised fall-related injuries. However, research addressing prevalence across different types of falls and the use of drugs other than alcohol was limited. Future research should address these areas to improve our understanding of which populations should be targeted in AOD and injury prevention strategies .PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020188746.

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Risk and protective factors that predict posttraumatic stress disorder after traumatic injury: A systematic review

Jones,

Boschen,

Devilly

et al. 2024

Health Sciences Review

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Alcohol and drug toxicology screens at time of hospitalization do not predict PTSD or depression after traumatic injury

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Coping strategy utilization among posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and substance use co-occurrence typologies: A latent class analysis.

Coping strategy utilization among posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and substance use co-occurrence typologies: A latent class analysis.

Prevalence of alcohol and other drug use in patients presenting to hospital for fall-related injuries: a systematic review

Risk and protective factors that predict posttraumatic stress disorder after traumatic injury: A systematic review

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