Alcohol and coronary heart disease: a meta‐analysis

Corrao, Giovanni; Rubbiati, Luca; Bagnardi, Vincenzo; Zambon, Antonella; Poikolainen, Kari

doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2000.951015056.x

Cited by 764 publications

(563 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Studies documenting a U-shaped relation between alcohol consumption and ischaemic heart disease have partially been supported by our results, particularly by those found for women (Stampfer et al, 1988;Rehm et al, 1997;Corrao et al, 2000). In the same way, the most preferable risk factor levels of HDL/total cholesterol ratio, fibrinogen, and homocysteine were observed at lower drinking amounts for women than men.…”

Section: Alcohol and Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease M Burger supporting

confidence: 89%

Alcohol consumption and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in Germany

Burger

Mensink

Brönstrup³

et al. 2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To analyse the association of alcohol consumption and blood lipids, haemostatic factors, and homocysteine in German adults by gender and age groups. Design: Cross-sectional population-based survey. Setting: Data from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998, representative for age, gender, community size, and federal state. Subjects: From a sample of 7124 Germans between 18 and 79 y old, 2420 women and 2365 men were selected. Only individuals who were not currently receiving medical treatment or did not have disorders related to cardiovascular disease were selected for this study. Results: Using analyses of variance, mean blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL/total cholesterol ratio, total glycerides, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, and homocysteine adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, East/West Germany residence, body mass index, tobacco use, sports activity, and coffee consumption, if appropriate are presented by alcohol consumption groups (0, 40-10, 410-20, 420-30 and 430 g/day). The HDL/total cholesterol ratio increased with higher alcohol groups up to 10-20 g/day ( þ 15%) for women and 430 g/day ( þ 18%) for men, showing the strongest rise among men aged 55-79 y. Fibrinogen decreased with higher alcohol groups up to 10-20 g/day for women and 20-30 g/day for men. Among women, homocysteine levels showed a U-shaped curve with a minimum of 8.49 mmol/l at 10-20 g alcohol/day (À8%, reference: nondrinking), whereas an inverse association was observed for men. Conclusions: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with favourable levels of several cardiovascular risk factors. The most favourable cardiovascular risk factor profile among women was observed among those drinking 10-20 g alcohol/day. Beneficial effects seem to be more pronounced among older men.

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Section: Alcohol and Risk Factors Of Cardiovascular Disease M Burger supporting

confidence: 89%

Alcohol consumption and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in Germany

Burger

Mensink

Brönstrup³

et al. 2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…The increased risk of CHD among non-drinkers compared with moderate drinkers is one of the most consistent associations found within epidemiological research (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) . The difference in the risk of CHD between heavier and moderate drinkers is less consistent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

CHD risk in relation to alcohol intake from categorical and open-ended dietary instruments

Ward

Luben

Wareham

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the risk of CHD in relation to alcohol intake from three different instruments. Design: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk study, weekly alcohol intake was estimated from a single question in a mail-in health and lifestyle questionnaire (HLQ), a semi-quantitative FFQ, and a 7 d diet diary (7DD). Information on smoking status, physical activity, disease history, social class and medication use was reported in the HLQ. Height, weight, blood pressure and blood lipids were measured at a health check-up. The average length of follow-up was 11 years. The association between alcohol intake and incident fatal and non-fatal CHD in a nested case-control sample was calculated using logistic regression. Setting: Norfolk, England. Subjects: A total of 2151 cases of incident fatal and non-fatal CHD and 5354 controls. Results: The Spearman correlation values between the 7DD, FFQ and HLQ alcohol estimates ranged from r 5 0?70 to 0?82 (P , 0?0001 for all r values). Alcohol intake from all instruments was inversely associated with the risk of CHD in age-and multivariate-adjusted models. The relationships between the risk of CHD and alcohol intake from the 7DD, HLQ or FFQ were not significantly different from each other (P . 0?10). A marginal difference between men and women was detected for the risk of CHD in relation to HLQ alcohol intake (P 5 0?065). Conclusions: In conclusion, while the instruments were not uniform in their assessment of alcohol intake levels, the 7DD, HLQ and FFQ yielded similar inverse associations between alcohol intake and risk of CHD.

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“…It is accepted that unfavorable lifestyle behaviors, including physical inactivity, 19 cigarette smoking, 20,21 heavy alcohol consumption, 11,22,23 and an atherogenic diet, 24 can elicit clinical consequences of metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle interventions [24][25][26][27] could reduce metabolic risk factors, which in turn could prevent CVD and type 2 diabetes, especially before they have begun to develop.…”

Section: Ncep-r(+) and Idf(+) Ncep-r(+) And Idf(à) Ncep-r(à) And Idf(à) Ncementioning

confidence: 99%

The new definition of metabolic syndrome by the international diabetes federation is less likely to identify metabolically abnormal but non-obese individuals than the definition by the revised national cholesterol education program: The Korea NHANES Study

et al. 2006

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Objective: The new definitions for metabolic syndrome (MS) proposed by the IDF and revised NCEP have caused some confusion because patients have emerged that have satisfied the revised NCEP but not the IDF criteria. We performed this study to compare the prevalence of these criteria and to investigate the characteristics of discrepant cases. Research design and methods: A total of 7962 individuals aged X 20 years (3597 men; 4365 women) who participated in the 1998 Korean NHANES were included. We assessed the agreement between the revised NCEP and IDF criteria and investigated the characteristics of cases satisfying the revised NCEP criteria but not the IDF criteria. Results: The prevalence of MS by the revised NCEP (25.7% of men and 31.9% of women) was higher than that according to the IDF (14.2% of men and 26.6% of women). The IDF criteria failed to identify 44.9% of men and 16.6% of women identified as having MS according to the revised NCEP criteria. The discrepant group showed more adverse metabolic profiles and unfavorable lifestyles despite lower waist circumference as compared with those having MS by both the IDF and revised NCEP criteria. The prevalence of discrepant cases was higher among the elderly. Conclusions: The IDF criteria were inferior to the revised NCEP criteria in identifying the metabolically abnormal but nonobese groups known to be predisposed to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Further research regarding the appropriateness of central obesity as an obligatory criterion proposed by the IDF seems to be warranted.

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Alcohol and coronary heart disease: a meta‐analysis

Abstract: The degree of protection from moderate doses of alcohol should be reconsidered. Further research investigating the effect of drinking patterns on the risk of coronary heart disease should be performed. Caution in making general recommendations is needed.

Cited by 764 publications

References 51 publications

Alcohol consumption and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in Germany

Alcohol consumption and its relation to cardiovascular risk factors in Germany

CHD risk in relation to alcohol intake from categorical and open-ended dietary instruments

The new definition of metabolic syndrome by the international diabetes federation is less likely to identify metabolically abnormal but non-obese individuals than the definition by the revised national cholesterol education program: The Korea NHANES Study

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