Alcohol and Cancer

Seitz, Helmut K.; Matsuzaki, Shinya; Yokoyama, Akira; Homann, Nils; V??kev??inen, Satu; Wang, Xian Dong

doi:10.1097/00000374-200105051-00024

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Acetaldehyde is the most toxic metabolite of ethanol because it has mutagenic and carcinogenic properties (Seitz and Stickel, 2007). Experiments showed an increase in the appearance of tumors when ethanol was injected on the oral or esophageal mucosa of animals (Seitz et al, 1998). Alcohol acts on the mucosa as a solvent, causing the penetration of carcinogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Literature Review

Menezes¹,

Bergmann²,

Thuler³

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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This study aimed to discuss the consumption of alcohol as a risk factor for major cancers. We performed a search in the PubMed database, using the following inclusion criteria: meta-analysis published in English in the last 10 years that addressed the relationship between alcohol and the risk of developing cancer. The results indicate that moderate to heavy consumption of alcohol increases the risk of developing cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, larynx, colorectum, central nervous system, pancreas, breast and prostate. This review did not find any association between alcohol consumption and an increased risk of cancers of the lung, bladder, endometrium and ovary. It was also observed that alcohol consumption may be inversely related to thyroid cancer. Our systematic review has confirmed consumption of alcohol as a risk factor for the development of several types of cancer. Research (2007) report that there is convincing evidence linking the consumption of alcoholic beverages to cancers of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, breast and bowel, the latter being only in men. In addition, there is a likely relationship between the consumption of alcoholic beverages and an increased risk of colon cancer and liver cancer in women.The preparation of this systemic review study is based on these considerations, with the aim of discussing the association between alcohol consumption and the main types of cancer. The expected contribution is the disclosure of consolidated information about this possible risk ratio, contributing to the establishment of strategies to prevent the occurrence of cancer. Materials and MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review of metaanalysis that was conducted to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and cancer.The publications were identified in the PubMed bibliographic database, and used the following keywords: cancer, alcohol and meta-analysis. The first two were used as words that appeared on the title and the latter as the type of study chosen. We chose to establish a period of 10 years Raquel Ferreira de Menezes et al

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Literature Review

Menezes¹,

Bergmann²,

Thuler³

2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…As a whole, these results are consistent with the hypothesis of a carcinogenic effect of alcohol involving direct contact with oral and pharyngeal mucosa, which is also supported by epidemiological studies of moderate alcohol consumption (Tuyns et al, 1988;Boffetta et al, 1992;Franceschi et al, 1992;Kjaerheim et al, 1998). Candidate mechanisms for such a direct effect are DNA binding of acetaldehyde, one of the main metabolites of ethanol and free radicals, as well as reduced DNA repair activity and glutathione trapping by acetaldehyde (Seitz et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of cancers of the lung, head and neck in patients hospitalized for alcoholism in Sweden

Boffetta

Adami

et al. 2001

Br J Cancer

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Studies of alcoholic patients have consistently reported increased risks of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, oesophagus, liver, larynx, lung and uterine cervix (Sundby, 1967;Pell and D'Alonzo, 1973;Hakulinen et al, 1974;Monson and Lyon, 1975;Robinette et al, 1979;Schmidt and Popham, 1981;Prior, 1988;Adami et al, 1992;Tønnesen et al, 1994;Sigvardsson et al, 1996). Given the correlation between alcohol intake and smoking, it is likely that smoking contributes importantly to the excesses in risk, notably for lung cancer (Blot and Fraumeni, 1996). Relatively small sample sizes have limited the interpretation of previous studies of cancer among alcoholics. For example, in only one study (Tønnesen et al, 1994) were more than 100 cases of head and neck cancer observed. As a consequence, there is limited information on cancer risk by site within head and neck organs and by histological type. Such information would help to better characterize the carcinogenic effect of alcohol, as well as to guide the clinical management of alcoholic patients.We report the results of the follow-up of a large series of patients hospitalized for alcoholism in Sweden during 1965-1994. Our specific goals were to assess the risk of subsite-and histopathology-specific cancers of the head and neck and lung among this population, and to identify whether this risk is modified by demographic characteristics such as gender and age. METHODSThe study is based on a linkage between the Swedish In-patient Register and the National Cancer Register. We have previously reported details on the In-patient Register (Lagiou et al, 2001).We considered all records in the In-patient Register with a hospital discharge diagnosis of alcoholism (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-7 codes 307 and 322 (WHO, 1955); ICD-8 codes 291 and 303 (WHO, 1965); and ICD-9 codes 291, 303 and 305A (WHO, 1975) ) among patients aged 20 or over and hospitalized during 1965-1994. We identified 196 803 unique national registration numbers that met our inclusion criteria. When linking records to the Registries of Population, Death and Emigration, we identified 7790 records with incorrect national registration numbers, 2192 records of patients who died during hospitalization, and 294 records of patients who emigrated before hospitalization; these were all excluded from the study. We finally linked the cohort to the National Cancer Register, which was founded in 1958 and is estimated to be 98% complete (Mattson, 1975), with the aim of identifying cases of cancer that occurred among the patients in the cohort either before (prevalent cases) or after (incidence cases) the first hospital discharge with diagnosis of alcoholism. Cancers were classified according to the ICD-7 (WHO, 1955). We excluded 3405 patients with a prevalent cancer diagnosed before the first hospitalization for alcoholism. A further 455 patients were excluded at various steps of the linkage procedures because of inconsistencies of gender, date of birth or death, etc. We excluded the first year of obs...

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“…14,15 The association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer is not conclusive, as some reports have shown an increased risk and others no excess risk. [16][17][18][19][20] Given the possible association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer, polymorphisms in the XRCC1 gene, which have the potential to alter the structure of DNA repair enzyme, could affect the risk of colorectal cancer in alcohol drinkers.We conducted a hospital-based case-control study of colorectal cancer in Incheon, South Korea, where the age-adjusted incidence rates were 27.0 among men and 17.5 among women per 100,000 person-years during the period 1997-2000. 2 To elucidate the role of the XRCC1 gene polymorphisms in colorectal cancer development, we carried out genotype association analyses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene, alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer

Hong

Lee

Kim

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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To evaluate contribution of polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene to the risk of colorectal cancer, we conducted a case-control study of 209 colorectal cancer cases and 209 age-and gender-matched controls in the Korean population. We tested the hypothesis by constructing allele combinations with known SNP. Allelic variants of the XRCC1 gene at codons 194, 280 and 399 were analyzed in lymphocyte DNA by PCR-RFLP. We observed an increased risk of colorectal cancer associated with the 399Gln allele. The odds ratio (OR) was 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-2.39) for the 399Gln allele. When combined allele-specific OR were calculated after estimating frequencies, 3 common allele combinations were found to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The OR for the 194Trp-280Arg-399Arg was 1.48 (95% CI 5 1.06-2.07) using 194Arg-280Arg-399Arg as the reference. The OR for the 194Arg-280His-399Arg and the 194Arg-280Arg-399Gln were 1.78 (95% CI 5 1.09-2.89) and 1.78 (95% CI 5 1.23-2.59), respectively. Analysis after controlling for smoking, exercise and dietary habits indicated that alcohol consumption ( 80 g/week) is a significant risk factor of colorectal cancer (OR 5 2.60, 95% CI 5 1. 46-4.62). An increased risk for colorectal cancer was identified in alcohol drinkers with the risky allele combinations. Our results suggest that polymorphisms in the XRCC1 genes may contribute to colorectal cancer susceptibility, and some evidence was obtained of a genetic modification for the relationship between alcohol intake and colorectal cancer. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: polymorphisms; XRCC1; genotype; allele; colorectal cancer; alcohol Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in North America and Western Europe, 1 and is the fourth most common cause of cancer in South Korea. 2 Inherited deficiencies in DNA repair have been associated with an individual's susceptibility to cancer. 3 Therefore, polymorphisms of DNA repair genes may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.The human XRCC1 gene, one of the DNA repair genes, was identified because of its ability to restore DNA repair activity in a Chinese hamster ovary mutant cell line EM9. 4 The XRCC1 protein is involved in base-excision repair, and interacts with DNA ligase III, DNA polymerase b, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP), polynucleotide kinase and AP endonuclease I. 5-8 The base-excision repair pathway is designed to remove non-bulky base adducts, which are produced by methylation, oxidation or reduction by ionizing radiation or oxidative damage. 9,10 Three coding polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln) have been identified in man, suggesting altered efficiency due to amino acid substitutions. 11,12 Alcohol consumption has been associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, which are known to cause DNA lesions that can be removed by the DNA base-excision repair pathway. 13 Meta-analyses of alcohol consumption in relation to colorectal cancer have reported a small or moderate addit...

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Alcohol and Cancer

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Literature Review

Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Literature Review

Risk of cancers of the lung, head and neck in patients hospitalized for alcoholism in Sweden

Polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene, alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer

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