Albumin Nanoparticles for the Intravitreal Delivery of Anticytomegaloviral Drugs

Abstract

Albumin nanoparticles (NP) were proved to be effective and safe carriers for delivering anticytomegaloviral compounds in the vitreous. NP improved the antiviral activity of both ganciclovir and the phosphodiester oligonucleotide analog to formivirsen. NP appeared to be fusogenic carriers able to target the nucleus of cells. In addition, these drug carriers were well tolerated when administered by the intravitreal route and did not induce autoimmune reactions.

Investigating the Movement of Intravitreal Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles in the Vitreous and Retina

“…2. However, 250-nm sized HSA-NPs as well as 310-nm sized PLA particles were dispersed in the vitreous (7,15). Therefore, our conclusion, that anionic nanoparticles can diffuse more freely in the vitreous than cationic ones, is still correct.…”

“…However, the mild inflammatory reaction after the injection of these polymerbased nanoparticles was observed in the vitreous, retina and ciliary body (15). In this study, we prepared human serum albumin based nanoparticles, which show high encapsulation efficiency of various drugs (7). More importantly, the HSA-NP is a non-immunogenic safe carrier for the intravitreal delivery of drugs.…”

Investigating the Movement of Intravitreal Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles in the Vitreous and Retina

“…2. However, 250-nm sized HSA-NPs as well as 310-nm sized PLA particles were dispersed in the vitreous (7,15). Therefore, our conclusion, that anionic nanoparticles can diffuse more freely in the vitreous than cationic ones, is still correct.…”

“…However, the mild inflammatory reaction after the injection of these polymerbased nanoparticles was observed in the vitreous, retina and ciliary body (15). In this study, we prepared human serum albumin based nanoparticles, which show high encapsulation efficiency of various drugs (7). More importantly, the HSA-NP is a non-immunogenic safe carrier for the intravitreal delivery of drugs.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles: From Classification to Application and Toxicity

“…Because albumin has several distinct drug-binding sites, a substantial amount of medication can be absorbed into the particle matrix, making albumin-based NP carrier systems an appealing approach [261]. Owing to the well-defined main structure of albumin and its high lysine content, albumin-based NPs may facilitate the electrostatic adsorption of positively charged (such as ganciclovir) or negatively charged (such as oligonucleotide) molecules without the need for additional substances [262,263]. Additionally, coacervation, controlled desolvation, or emulsion creation are simple methods for creating albumin NPs in soft circumstances.…”

Novel biomaterial strategies for controlled growth factor delivery for biomedical applications

“…Specifically, due to their high content of charged amino acids (for example, lysine, arginine, glutamate and aspartate), albumin-based NPs are capable of loading either positively or negatively charged molecules by electrostatic forces without the addition of other accessory compounds. 58,59 Second, their surface properties are well tolerated by charged polymers, which broaden the application of albumin NPs in biomedical areas. Third, albumin-based NPs are biodegradable, easy to fabricate, and reproducible under mild conditions by desolvation (coacervation), 60 emulsification, 61 and selfassembly techniques.…”

Investigating the Movement of Intravitreal Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles in the Vitreous and Retina

“…2. However, 250-nm sized HSA-NPs as well as 310-nm sized PLA particles were dispersed in the vitreous (7,15). Therefore, our conclusion, that anionic nanoparticles can diffuse more freely in the vitreous than cationic ones, is still correct.…”

“…However, the mild inflammatory reaction after the injection of these polymerbased nanoparticles was observed in the vitreous, retina and ciliary body (15). In this study, we prepared human serum albumin based nanoparticles, which show high encapsulation efficiency of various drugs (7). More importantly, the HSA-NP is a non-immunogenic safe carrier for the intravitreal delivery of drugs.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles: From Classification to Application and Toxicity

“…Because albumin has several distinct drug-binding sites, a substantial amount of medication can be absorbed into the particle matrix, making albumin-based NP carrier systems an appealing approach [261]. Owing to the well-defined main structure of albumin and its high lysine content, albumin-based NPs may facilitate the electrostatic adsorption of positively charged (such as ganciclovir) or negatively charged (such as oligonucleotide) molecules without the need for additional substances [262,263]. Additionally, coacervation, controlled desolvation, or emulsion creation are simple methods for creating albumin NPs in soft circumstances.…”

Novel biomaterial strategies for controlled growth factor delivery for biomedical applications

“…Specifically, due to their high content of charged amino acids (for example, lysine, arginine, glutamate and aspartate), albumin-based NPs are capable of loading either positively or negatively charged molecules by electrostatic forces without the addition of other accessory compounds. 58,59 Second, their surface properties are well tolerated by charged polymers, which broaden the application of albumin NPs in biomedical areas. Third, albumin-based NPs are biodegradable, easy to fabricate, and reproducible under mild conditions by desolvation (coacervation), 60 emulsification, 61 and selfassembly techniques.…”

Investigating the Movement of Intravitreal Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles in the Vitreous and Retina

“…2. However, 250-nm sized HSA-NPs as well as 310-nm sized PLA particles were dispersed in the vitreous (7,15). Therefore, our conclusion, that anionic nanoparticles can diffuse more freely in the vitreous than cationic ones, is still correct.…”

“…However, the mild inflammatory reaction after the injection of these polymerbased nanoparticles was observed in the vitreous, retina and ciliary body (15). In this study, we prepared human serum albumin based nanoparticles, which show high encapsulation efficiency of various drugs (7). More importantly, the HSA-NP is a non-immunogenic safe carrier for the intravitreal delivery of drugs.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles: From Classification to Application and Toxicity

“…Because albumin has several distinct drug-binding sites, a substantial amount of medication can be absorbed into the particle matrix, making albumin-based NP carrier systems an appealing approach [261]. Owing to the well-defined main structure of albumin and its high lysine content, albumin-based NPs may facilitate the electrostatic adsorption of positively charged (such as ganciclovir) or negatively charged (such as oligonucleotide) molecules without the need for additional substances [262,263]. Additionally, coacervation, controlled desolvation, or emulsion creation are simple methods for creating albumin NPs in soft circumstances.…”

Novel biomaterial strategies for controlled growth factor delivery for biomedical applications

“…Specifically, due to their high content of charged amino acids (for example, lysine, arginine, glutamate and aspartate), albumin-based NPs are capable of loading either positively or negatively charged molecules by electrostatic forces without the addition of other accessory compounds. 58,59 Second, their surface properties are well tolerated by charged polymers, which broaden the application of albumin NPs in biomedical areas. Third, albumin-based NPs are biodegradable, easy to fabricate, and reproducible under mild conditions by desolvation (coacervation), 60 emulsification, 61 and selfassembly techniques.…”