Albumin as a Biomarker

Watanabe, Hiroshi; Maruyama, Toru

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2116-9_3

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The serum half-life of the molecule is approximately 20 days. Some of albumin’s main functions are binding non-soluble molecules in the serum and transporting medications and hormones [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Hypoalbuminemia Is a Long-Term Prognostic Marker in Medical Hospitalized Patients, Irrespective of the Underlying Disease

Oster

Dolev

Kehat

et al. 2022

JCM

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Hypoalbuminemia is common in hypoalbuminemia-associated disorders (HAD), e.g., liver and kidney disease. We hypothesize that hospitalized patients with hypoalbuminemia have poor prognosis irrespective of their underlying disease. Records of patients admitted to Medicine (2010–2018), with and without HAD were analyzed, comparing low (<35 g/L) to normal serum albumin. Mann–Whitney and Chi-squared tests were used, and a logistic regression model was applied. Patients: 14,640 were admitted; 9759 were analyzed (2278 hypoalbuminemia: 736 HAD, 1542 non-HAD). All patients, and the subgroups with (as expected) and without HAD had worse outcomes. Specifically, in patients without HAD, those with hypoalbuminemia (n = 1542) vs. normal albumin (n = 6216) were older, had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI, 5 vs. 4), longer median hospital stay (5 vs. 4), higher one year re-admission rate (49.9% vs. 39.8%), and one year mortality (48.9% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.001 for all). LR model predicting 3 month, 1 year and 5 year mortality confirmed the predictive power of albumin (1 year: OR = 4.49 for hypoalbuminema, p < 0.01). Hypoalbuminemia portends poor long-term prognosis in hospitalized patients regardless of the underlying disease and could be added to prognostic predictive models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypoalbuminemia can be found in malnutrition (poor intake), advanced liver disease (impaired synthesis), kidney disease (increased loss), and in extreme catabolic states (increased breakdown) such as septicemia and metastatic carcinoma [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Hypoalbuminemia Is a Long-Term Prognostic Marker in Medical Hospitalized Patients, Irrespective of the Underlying Disease

Oster

Dolev

Kehat

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…For example, a reduction in plasma albumin levels can be an indicator of several possible diseases, such as liver cirrhosis and malnutrition. The posttranslational modification of the cysteine residue at position 34 ( 34 Cys), the only unpaired cysteine residue in the albumin molecule, can be used to monitor the severity of renal and liver disorders [ 5 ]. For highly protein-bound drugs, such as teicoplanin and phenytoin, dosage adjustments are recommended based on plasma albumin levels [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Albumin Meets Liposomes: A Feasible Drug Carrier for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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Albumin, the most abundant protein in plasma, possesses some inherent beneficial structural and physiological characteristics that make it suitable for use as a drug delivery agent, such as an extraordinary drug-binding capacity and long blood retention, with a high biocompatibility. The use of these characteristics as a nanoparticle drug delivery system (DDS) offers several advantages, including a longer circulation time, lower toxicity, and more significant drug loading. To date, many innovative liposome preparations have been developed in which albumin is involved as a DDS. These novel albumin-containing liposome preparations show superior deliverability for genes, hydrophilic/hydrophobic substances and proteins/peptides to the targeting area compared to original liposomes by virtue of their high biocompatibility, stability, effective loading content, and the capacity for targeting. This review summarizes the current status of albumin applications in liposome-based DDS, focusing on albumin-coated liposomes and albumin-encapsulated liposomes as a DDS carrier for potential medical applications.

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“…Oxidative stress modifies the Cys-34 thiol group into a disulfide bond with another HSA or small molecule; or converts it into a sulfenic, sulfinic, or sulfonic acid group. HSA contains ~80% of the free thiols in blood so that these post-translational modifications at Cys-34 can be used as a biomarker in several diseases involving ROS or RNS where Cys-34 thiol can drop to less than 20% [ 2 , 3 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The other 34 cysteines of HSA make up the 17 disulfide bridges that stabilize the protein structure and in general are not reactive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Dimerization of Human Serum Albumin

et al. 2020

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Pulsed Dipolar Spectroscopy (PDS) methods of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) were used to detect and characterize reversible non-covalent dimers of Human Serum Albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in human plasma. The spin labels, MTSL and OX063, were attached to Cys-34 and these chemical modifications of Cys-34 did affect the dimerization of HSA, indicating that other post-translational modifications can modulate dimer formation. At physiologically relevant concentrations, HSA does form weak, non-covalent dimers with a well-defined structure. Dimer formation is readily reversible into monomers. Dimerization is very relevant to the role of HSA in the transport, binding, and other physiological processes.

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Albumin as a Biomarker

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Serum Hypoalbuminemia Is a Long-Term Prognostic Marker in Medical Hospitalized Patients, Irrespective of the Underlying Disease

Serum Hypoalbuminemia Is a Long-Term Prognostic Marker in Medical Hospitalized Patients, Irrespective of the Underlying Disease

When Albumin Meets Liposomes: A Feasible Drug Carrier for Biomedical Applications

Reversible Dimerization of Human Serum Albumin

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