Albendazole residues in goat's milk: Interferences in microbial inhibitor tests used to detect antibiotics in milk

Abstract

Albendazole (ABZ) residues in goat's milk and their effect on the response of microbial inhibitor tests used for screening antibiotics were evaluated. A total of 18 Murciano-Granadina goats were treated with ABZ and individually milked once a day over a 7-day period. ABZ quantification was performed by high performance liquid chromatography. The ABZ parent drug was not detected. The maximum concentration of its metabolites (ABZ sulfoxide, ABZ sulfone, and ABZ 2-aminosulfone) was reached on the 1 day post treatment (260.0 ± 70.1 μg/kg, 112.8 ± 28.7 μg/kg, 152.0 ± 23.6 μg/kg, respectively), decreasing to lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL, 100 μg/kg) on the 3 day post treatment. Milk samples were also analyzed by microbial tests [Brilliant Black Reduction Test (BRT) MRL, Delvotest SP-NT MCS and Eclipse 100], and only one positive result was found for Delvotest SP-NT MCS and Eclipse 100. However, a high occurrence of positive outcomes was obtained for BRT MRL during 6 days post treatment, whereas ABZ residues were not detected from the 4 day post administration, suggesting that factors other than the antiparasitic agent might affect the microbial test response.

Recent advances in dairy goat products

“…Microbial inhibitor tests are widely used in laboratories for screening antimicrobials in milk because they are easy to use and inexpensive [51]. However, some substances present in milk can interfere with the test.…”

“…However, some substances present in milk can interfere with the test. No interference of antiparasitic drugs such as albendazole has been observed [51]. On the contrary, ivermectin residues in goat milk after parasite treatment altered the microbial inhibitor test [52].…”

“…In commercial Kefir made with goat milk, two peptides, with sequences PYVRYL and LVYPFTGPIPN, resistant to a simulated digestion were found with potent ACE inhibitor activities [67]. In one Spanish pure goat cheese and in Cabrales cheese [68], the peptide DKIHP (fragment β-CN f[47–51]) showed the highest ACE inhibitor activity, with the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value as 113.1 μM.…”

Assessment of various veterinary drug residues in animal originated food products

“…The obtained results allow to conclude that the examined sample collected from local and frozen imported broilers giblets and tissue proved to be contaminated with residues of Oxy-tet + and Amp + especially in liver sample [ 2 ]. Romero et al [ 11 ] developed and described the method which concluded the effect of albendazole in goat milk and microbial inhibitor used of screening of antibiotics were evaluated with total of eighteen goats (Murciano-Granadina) treated with albendazole and collected milk from them after 7 days. HPLC is a technique used for identification and quantification of the albendazole and results found the albendazole was not detected but the metabolite of the same was found 1-day post-treatment lower than the Maximum Residual Limit (MRL) 100 μg/kg.…”

Simultaneous Determination of Albendazole and Its Three Metabolites in Pig and Poultry Muscle by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection

“…With increasing large-scale breeding, various parasitic diseases are seriously hindering economic output in the animal husbandry industry [1]. Many kinds of parasites infect animals, and parasites can parasitize various organs and tissues.…”