Alaskan Moose Blood Studies with Emphasis on Condition Evaluation

Franzmann, Albert W.; LeResche, Robert E.

doi:10.2307/3800270

Cited by 68 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…However, our Hb data were unaffected by season and we observed comparable Hb concentrations in summer (18.6 + 1.4 g/dL, n = 5). Franzmann and LeResche (1978) did not observe a seasonal effect on Hb concentrations in Moose. Perhaps, the reduced BW and Hb concentrations observed by Seal and Mech (1983) during summer can be attributed to a physiological response to greater summer heat in Minnesota.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

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Physical Characteristics, Hematology, and Serum Chemistry of Freeranging Gray Wolves, <em>Canis lupus</em>, in Southcentral Alaska

Butler

Ballard

Whitlaw³

2006

Can Field Nat

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Examination of morphometric characteristics and blood parameters has become a widely used tool for assessing the physiological and nutritional status of wild and captive animals. During 1976 through 1984, 155 Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) were chemically immobilized in south-central Alaska. Of those, we obtained physical measurements from 132 and blood samples from 121 individuals. Also, 208 carcasses of harvested and dead radiocollared Wolves were weighed and measured. We obtained blood samples from three of the fresh carcasses. We measured age, body weight, skull length and width, and upper and lower canine length. We analyzed blood serum for Ca, P, Fe, chlorides, creatinine, glucose, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxalic transaminase, triglyceride, beta globulin, serum urea nitrogen, and uric acid. We obtained packed cell volume and hemoglobin values from whole blood. We classified samples by season, sex, and age. Seasonal differences were observed for physical measurements, packed cell volume, alkaline phosphatase, and serum urea nitrogen. Age differences were observed for physical measurements, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, alkaline phosphatase, P, Ca, creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, and percent femur bone marrow fat. However, differences among sexes were observed for physical measurements only. These data provide a baseline for physical condition, hematology, and serum chemistry for free-ranging Gray Wolves.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…In addition, we observed a correlation between Hb and BW and it has been suggested Hb concentration is a good indicator of physical condition (Franzmann and LeResche 1978;Messier 1987;Franzmann and Schwartz 1988). However, Harlow and Seal (1981) observed little change in Hb concentrations in food-deprived captive Badgers (Taxidea taxus).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Physical Characteristics, Hematology, and Serum Chemistry of Freeranging Gray Wolves, <em>Canis lupus</em>, in Southcentral Alaska

Butler

Ballard

Whitlaw³

2006

Can Field Nat

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“…Hematocrit, which can be an indicator of condition (Franzmann and LeResche 1978, Lochmiller et al 1986, Hellgren et al 1993, was also markedly different among males, with adult nonbreeding males having levels 6.5% higher than adult breeding males and 4.6% higher than juvenile males. These differences are probably related to two things.…”

Section: Stress In Male Arctic Ground Squirrelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our measure of the change in nonglucose energy stores is the ability to mobilize free fatty acids from fat deposits in response to the challenge. Fifth, although hematocrit (packed red blood cell volume) can change for a number of reasons, studies on wildlife have found that it is an indicator of body condition in which higher values have been linked to better condition (Franzmann and LeResche 1978, Lochmiller et al 1986, Hellgren et al 1993. Thus, if adult breeding males are chronically stressed and in poorer condition, we expect their hematocrit to be lower.…”

Section: Experimental Protocol and Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction at All Costs: The Adaptive Stress Response of Male Arctic Ground Squirrels

Boonstra

McColl

Karels

2001

Ecology

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Abstract. We tested the hypothesis that adult male arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius) exhibit an adaptive stress response during the mating period that may compromise their survival, whereas males at other times (nonreproductive adult males and juvenile males) have a normal functional stress response. We assessed the physiological responsiveness of the stress axis, of energy mobilization, and of the immune response by subjecting adult breeding males, adult nonbreeding males, and juvenile males to a hormonal challenge and an immunocompetence challenge. At the onset of the breeding season in spring, only 25-30% of the population were males, and of those present during the mating period, half disappeared soon thereafter, and 82% were not replaced by immigrants. Adult breeding males had the highest levels of free cortisol, the lowest maximum corticosteroidbinding capacity, slight dexamethasone resistance, the lowest hematocrit, the lowest number of white blood cells, the highest number of eosinophils, and the poorest ability to respond to the foreign antigen challenge in comparison with the other two male classes. All of these characteristics were indicative of chronic stress in breeding males that may directly compromise their survival. Juvenile males in mid-August also showed many, but not all of these characteristics, indicative of a prolonged period of stress, presumably associated with the period of dispersal. Testosterone levels remained high irrespective of age or breeding condition, decreased when dexamethasone was injected, and increased when ACTH was injected. These latter results are unique in mammals. High testosterone levels and their augmentation with stressors may play a key role in maintenance of aggressive behavior. We conclude that breeding male arctic ground squirrels exhibit an adaptive stress response in which they trade off survival for reproduction. We hypothesize that similar stress responses may have evolved in other species with comparable life histories.

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“…2009). Some parts of the moose that are normally prized delicacies, such as the liver and kidneys, "turn white" and become entirely inedible during this time because of changes in body chemistry (Franzmann and Leresche, 1978;P. Smith, pers.…”

Section: Climatic and Environmental Challenges In The Alaska Interiormentioning

confidence: 99%

Ways to Help and Ways to Hinder: Governance for Effective Adaptation to an Uncertain Climate

Loring¹,

Gerlach²,

Atkinson³

et al. 2011

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. This paper compares two case studies in Alaska, one on commercial fishers of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands region and the other on moose hunters of Interior Alaska, to identify how governance arrangements and management strategies enhance or limit people's ability to respond effectively to changing climatic and environmental conditions. The two groups face similar challenges regarding the impacts of a changing climate on wild fish and game, but they tell very different stories regarding how and under what conditions these impacts challenge their harvest activities. In both regions, people describe dramatic changes in weather, land, and seascape conditions, and distributions of fish and game. A key finding is that the "command-and-control" model of governance in the Alaska Interior, as implemented through state and federal management tools such as registration hunts and short open seasons, limits effective local responses to environmental conditions, while the more decentralized model of governance created by the Limited Access Privilege systems of the Bering Sea allows fishers great flexibility to respond. We discuss ways to implement aspects of a decentralized decision-making model in the Interior that would benefit hunters by increasing their adaptability and success, while also improving conservation outcomes. Our findings also demonstrate the usefulness of the diagnostic framework employed here for facilitating comparative crossregional analyses of natural resource use and management.

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Alaskan Moose Blood Studies with Emphasis on Condition Evaluation

Cited by 68 publications

References 16 publications

Physical Characteristics, Hematology, and Serum Chemistry of Freeranging Gray Wolves, <em>Canis lupus</em>, in Southcentral Alaska

Physical Characteristics, Hematology, and Serum Chemistry of Freeranging Gray Wolves, <em>Canis lupus</em>, in Southcentral Alaska

Reproduction at All Costs: The Adaptive Stress Response of Male Arctic Ground Squirrels

Ways to Help and Ways to Hinder: Governance for Effective Adaptation to an Uncertain Climate

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