Alarmingly high prevalence of smoking and symptoms of bronchitis in young women in Sweden: a population-based questionnaire study

Wennergren, Göran; Ekerljung, Linda; Alm, Bernt; Bjerg, Anders; Lötvall, Jan; Lundbäck, Bo

doi:10.4104/pcrj.2013.00043

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…38 In our study, this most probably reflects the high risk of becoming a smoker when growing up in a smoking environment. 19,20,38,39 As described earlier for our cohort, the prevalence of passive smoke exposure during pregnancy, infancy, and childhood was high among the subjects with early wheezing. 20 For example, prenatal smoke exposure was reported in 55% compared with 34% in the average population at that time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, a higher prevalence of active smoking among teenagers with asthma than without asthma has been previously shown . In our study, this most probably reflects the high risk of becoming a smoker when growing up in a smoking environment . As described earlier for our cohort, the prevalence of passive smoke exposure during pregnancy, infancy, and childhood was high among the subjects with early wheezing .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…A study of nonresponders has verified a good representativeness of the participants in the West Sweden Asthma Study regarding respiratory symptoms and airway diseases . Details relating to the questionnaire and procedures have been given elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…17 Details relating to the questionnaire and procedures have been given elsewhere. 18,19 The definition of current doctor-diagnosed asthma in the control group was the same as in the cohort, that is, reporting both a doctor's diagnosis and symptoms of asthma during the last 12 months and/or the use of asthma medication. Since the control group was populationbased some individuals may have been hospitalized due to severe wheezing in early childhood.…”

Section: Control Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High risk of adult asthma following severe wheezing in early life

Goksör

Åmark

Alm

et al. 2014

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Summary. Background: Severe wheezing in early life is associated with an increased risk of asthma during childhood and adolescence. The aim of the present follow-up was to investigate the asthma prevalence and risk factors for asthma in adulthood. Methods: We have prospectively studied asthma development in 101 children hospitalized due to severe wheezing before the age of 24 months. The cohort was re-investigated at a mean age of 27 years and tested for bronchial hyper-responsiveness and allergic sensitization. The response rate in adulthood was 81% (82/ 101). The results were compared with a population-based, age-matched control group (n ¼ 1,210) recruited from the West Sweden Asthma Study. Results: Current doctor-diagnosed asthma was found in 37% (30/82) compared with 7% (82/1,210) in the control group. The risk of adult asthma in the cohort compared with the control group was increased 10-fold (adjusted OR 10.0, 95% CI 5.3-18.7), independently of allergic rhinitis, gender, smoking and heredity. Within the cohort, current allergy (aOR 9.6, 95% CI 3.0-31.2) and female gender (aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.1-9.3) independently increased the risk of adult asthma. Females with current allergy had the highest risk of adult asthma (OR 29.4, 95% CI 5.0-173.3), compared with males without allergy. When separately adjusting for factors present at admission in early life within the cohort, a family history of asthma was a significant risk factor for asthma in adulthood (aOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.3-12.5). Conclusion: Subjects with severe early wheezing have a 10-fold increase in the risk of adult asthma compared to an agematched control group, adjusted for allergic rhinitis, gender, smoking and heredity. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015;50:789-797. ß

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Control Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High risk of adult asthma following severe wheezing in early life

Goksör

Åmark

Alm

et al. 2014

Pediatric Pulmonology

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“…Furthermore, data suggest that declines in cigarette smoking may be especially slow among young adults, including women of child bearing age, and youth with lower educational attainment (Freedman, et al, 2012;Wennergren et al, 2013). Consequently, the present findings are useful for informing prevention efforts aimed at reducing emerging health disparities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Maternal Smoking Predicts Larger Waist Circumference and Skin Fold Measures by Middle Childhood

Fitzpatrick¹,

Barnett²,

Pagani³

2015

JMED

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Context: Experimental research using animals and correlational studies with humans provide strong evidence that exposure to gestational cigarette smoke can foster long-term risk for obesity and metabolic syndrome in offspring. Objective: To estimate the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the development of adiposity by middle childhood in a sample of typically developing children living in the province of Quebec, Canada. Research Method and Procedure: Participants comprise the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development prospective birth cohort. Mothers of 2010 children reported on smoking during pregnancy when children were 5 months old. Main outcome measures were direct assessment of abdomen, calf, and triceps skin folds at 98 months and waist circumference at 98 and 120 months. Results: Up to 11% of children experienced heavy exposure to tobacco during gestation. After adjusting for child and family factors, gestational tobacco smoke exposure was prospectively associated with abdomen, calf, and triceps skin folds in mm by 98 months, B = 1.997 (CI = .954-3.040), B = 1.569 (CI= .685-2.453), and B =1.141(CI= .385-1.897),respectively. Exposure also predicted waist circumference in cm at 98 and 120 months, B =1.927 ) and B = 3.046(CI=1.81-4.282), respectively. Conclusions: This study provides evidence which helps chart the developmental influence of gestational exposure to cigarette smoke on long-term adiposity outcomes. To improve population health, increased efforts should be directed at educating smokers about the potential long-term health hazards association with gestational smoking.

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