Alarm Calls, Their Origin and Use in Eutamias sonomae

Smith, Stephen F.

doi:10.2307/1380172

Cited by 28 publications

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“…Alternatively, has the evolution of anti-predator calling also involved natural selection for the specific warning of non-descendant kin? Investigation of these questions is difficult when callers consistently live near offspring, as they do for species such as Sonoma chipmunks and California, Belding's, Richardson's, round-tailed, and thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Dunford 1977b;Sherman 1977Sherman , 1980aSherman , b, 1981Smith 1978;Schwagmeyer 1980;Shields 1980;Davis 1984;Owings et al 1986). Investigation is easier for species such as Gunnison's and black-tailed prairie dogs, for which callers without nearby offspring commonly live near non-descendant kin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shortly after first emerging from the natal burrow, juveniles sometimes give anti-predator calls for sciurids such as Sonoma chipmunks and round-tailed, Belding's, Richardson's and thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Dunford 1977b;Sherman 1977;Smith 1978;Schwagmeyer 1980;Davis 1984). Gunnison juveniles, like black-tailed prairie dog juveniles (Hoogland 1995), however, only rarely called during their first month above-ground.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anti-predator calls function mainly to warn offspring for animals such as hoary marmots, Marmota caligata, Sonoma and eastern chipmunks, Eutamias sonomae and Tamias striatus, respectively, and California, Belding's, Columbian, Richardson's, roundtailed, and thirteen-lined ground squirrels, Spermophilus beecheyi, S. beldingi, S. columbianus, S. richardsonii, S. tereticaudus, and S. tridecemlineatus, respectively (Dunford 1977b;Sherman 1977Sherman , 1980aSmith 1978;Yahner 1978;Noyes & Holmes 1979;Owings & Leger 1980;Schwagmeyer 1980;Davis 1984;Owings et al 1986;MacWhirter 1992). Anti-predator calls thus resemble other risky parental behaviours, such as mobbing, by which individuals endanger themselves to increase the safety of their own offspring.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Why do Gunnison's prairie dogs give anti-predator calls?

Hoogland¹

1996

Animal Behaviour

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why do Gunnison's prairie dogs give anti-predator calls?

Hoogland¹

1996

Animal Behaviour

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“…Vocal responses to predators also have been examined in several arboreal sciurids (e.g., EMMONS 1978;C. C. SMITH 1978;S. F. SMITH 1978;see BEITS 1976 for citations prior to that year).…”

Section: Alarm Calls As Indicators O 'I 'Response Urgency'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Essay on Contemporary Issues in Ethology: Variation among Mammalian Alarm Call Systems and the Problem of Meaning in Animal Signals

1993

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Understanding the information conveyed by animal signals requires studies of both production and perception. It is important to determine the relationship between signal morphology and the circumstances of production, the way signaller behavior varies with motivational state and the role of context in mediating responses to signals. Alarm calls are well‐suited to research of this type because they are widespread in birds and mammals and typically evoke unambiguous responses. We review studies of alarm calling in primates and ground‐dwelling sciurid rodents, concentrating especially on whether these signal systems may be viewed as ‘functionally referential’, that is, as conveying sufficient information about an event for receivers to select appropriate responses. Comparisons of the physical, behavioral and habitat characteristics of these species suggest that incompatibility of the escape responses required to avoid different classes of predators may have been an important factor in the evolution of functionally referential alarm calls.

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“…Their call rates are higher than those of the largest species and their maximal frequencies are more similar to those of the smallest species. Although Brand (1976) considered that chipping was not associated with particular predator types, Smith (1978) indicated that it was the call type used in response to humans.…”

Section: H Ipp Ingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-specific alarm calls of the eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus

Silva¹,

Kramer²,

Weary³

1994

Can. J. Zool.

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1994. Context-specific alarm calls of the eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus. Can. J. Zool. 72: 1087-1092.The structure and context of alarm calls produced by chipmunks (Tamias striatus) at a field site in southern Quebec were recorded during opportunistic field observations and experimentally simulated hawk attacks. Chipmunks produced three call types in the presence of predators. Chipping consisted of a series of high frequency notes with a rapid downward frequency slope (9.6 to 2.8 kHz) and was given in the presence of mammalian predators by chipmunks perched on a raised vantage point. Chucking consisted of a series of lower frequency notes also sloping downwards (2.5 to 0.4 kHz), given in the presence of avian predators by perched animals. The trill was a lower amplitude, multi-note call usually given only once by animals before reaching a refuge while fleeing from either type of predator. The average trill contained 6-11 downward sloping notes (7.3 to 0.8 kHz). The alarm call types of eastern chipmunks appear to be similar to those reported for western chipmunks. However, they differ in the clear separation of the calls for aerial and terrestrial predators. Chipmunks differ from most other terrestrial sciurids in giving repeated calls for aerial as well as terrestrial predators and in using a call just before reaching a secure refuge. BURKE DA SILVA, K., KRAMER, D.L., et WEARY, D.M. 1994. Context-specific alarm calls of the eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus. Can. J. Zool. 72 : 1087-1092.La structure des cris d'alerte des Tamias rayCs (Tamias striatus) et les circonstances entourant ces cris ont fait l'objet d'une recherche a une station d'Ctude du sud du QuCbec au cours d'observations en nature et au cours d'attaques simulCes par des rapaces diurnes. Les tamiasPmettaient trois types de cris en prCsence des prkdateurs : des sCries de notes de haute frCqeuence sur une Cchelle descendante abrupte (9,6 a 2,8 kHz), Cmises en prCsence de mammifkres prCdateurs par des tamias perchCs 5 un point d'observation surClevC, des sCries de notes de frCquence plus basse, Cgalement sur une Cchelle descendante (2,5 B 0,4 kHz), Cmises en prCsence d'oiseaux prCdateurs par des tamias perch&, enfin des trilles, cris de plusieurs notes d'amplitude plus faible, ordinairement Cmis une seule fois par les tamias avant d'atteindre un refuge au cours de leur fuite de l'un ou l'autre type de prCdateur. Un trille ordinaire contient 6-1 1 notes sur une Cchelle descendante. Les types de cris d'alerte Cmis par les Tamias rayCs ressemblent B ceux des tamias de l'ouest. Cependant, ils s'en distinguent en ce que les cris Cmis en prCsence de prCdateurs aCriens sont diffkrents des cris Cmis en prCsence de prCdateurs terrestres. Les tamias se distinguent de la plupart des autres sciuridCs terrestres en ce qu'ils Cmettent des cris rCpCtCs en prCsence de prCdateurs aCriens aussi bien qu'en prCsence de prCdateurs terrestres et en ce qu'ils Cmettent un cri juste avant d'atteindre un refuge sQr.[Traduit par la RCdaction] Introduction Many sciurid rodents...

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Alarm Calls, Their Origin and Use in Eutamias sonomae

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Why do Gunnison's prairie dogs give anti-predator calls?

Why do Gunnison's prairie dogs give anti-predator calls?

Essay on Contemporary Issues in Ethology: Variation among Mammalian Alarm Call Systems and the Problem of Meaning in Animal Signals

Context-specific alarm calls of the eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus

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