Alanine transferase: An independent indicator of adiposity related comorbidity risk in youth

Klein, M.; Iazzettii, Loretta; Speiser, Phyllis; Carey, Dennis E.; Shelov, Steven P.; Accacha, Siham; Fennoy, Ilene; Rosenbaum, Michael; Rapaport, Robert

doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12221

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…ALT is connected with adiposity and CVD risk factors [39]. A positive association between ALT and trunk fat independent of trunk and extremity lean mass was found in one study [16], while central adiposity along with generalized adiposity is reported by others [5]. Furthermore, ALT was not elevated in otherwise healthy obese people in a clinical study with limited number of participants contrasting our results [40].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women

Bekkelund

Jorde

2019

Disease Markers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is a known relationship between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and obesity in humans, but the mechanism(s) are not clarified. This study investigated the associations between serum ALT and body composition in an overweight and obese population. The results are based on data from a previous randomized controlled trial treating obesity with vitamin D3. A sample of 448 overweight and obese individuals underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and measured serum ALT along with supplementary blood samples at study baseline. Body fat mass and lean mass indexes were calculated by dividing total body fat/lean weight (kg) by body height squared (kg/m2). ALT correlated with body mass index (BMI) in men but not women (r=0.33, P<0.0001 vs. r=0.06, P=0.29). In men, serum ALT correlated positively with fat mass index (r=0.23, P=0.004) and lean mass index (r=0.32, P<0.0001). In women, ALT correlated with lean mass index (r=0.13, P=0.031) but not fat mass index (r=0.003, P=0.96). In a multivariate model adjusted for age and fat mass index, a 1-unit increase in lean mass index associated with a 0.37 U/L higher ALT in the male subgroup (95% CI 0.024 to 0.040, P<0.0001). In conclusion, serum ALT was associated with body fat mass index in men and with lean mass index in men and women in an overweight and obese population. The findings also demonstrate a gender difference in the role of fat.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Alanine transaminase (ALT) is associated with obesity [1, 2], cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD-related mortality [3–5]. Clinical and population studies have related ALT with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes [6–8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women

Bekkelund

Jorde

2019

Disease Markers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[45] In our study, serum TNF-α levels were higher in the individuals with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD, but TNF-α did not correlate with ALT, HOMA-IR, adiponectin, or any other parameter, in agreement with previous reports in obese patients. [39] These findings might indicate that the TNF-α system is activated in NAFLD, but its relationship with insulin resistance and other metabolic risk factors remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of serum alanine aminotransferase as biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in healthy subjects, using 3T MR spectroscopy

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recognition of the close relationship of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with diabetes mellitus 2, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease has stimulated growing interest in NAFLD as a public health problem. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) has been proposed as a marker of NAFLD, but levels are within the range currently considered “normal” in a large proportion of NAFLD subjects.The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum ALT for identifying individuals with NAFLD, using 3-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).A cross-sectional study was conducted in 129 healthy subjects. Liver triglyceride content was quantified by 1H-MRS. NAFLD was defined as liver triglyceride content greater than 5.56%.Liver triglyceride content was >5.56% in 79 participants (NAFLD) and lower in the remaining 50 (normal). Serum ALT levels correlated positively with liver triglyceride content (r = 0.58, P < .001), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (r = 0.32, P < .01), and fasting insulin (r = 0.31, P < .01), and inversely correlated with adiponectin (r = 0.35, P < .01) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.32, P < .01). Regression analysis showed that serum ALT was the best predictor of NAFLD (P < .01). Optimal serum ALT cut-off to predict NAFLD was 23 IU/L (area under receiver-operating characteristic curve: 0.93; sensitivity: 0.94; specificity: 0.72).This study shows that serum ALT is a sensitive and accurate biomarker of NAFLD if the “normal” ALT value is revised and established at a lower level. An ALT threshold of 23 IU/L identified 94% of individuals with NAFLD in the present series, using 3-T 1H-MRS for liver triglyceride quantification.

show abstract

“…The main indicator to enroll further diagnostics for liver injury in clinician’s daily routine are liver transaminases. Thus, current normal values might miss a significant amount of individuals already developing chronic metabolic liver disease and presenting with transaminase values in the upper normal levels 32 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal liver enzymes are correlated with severity of metabolic syndrome in a large population based cohort

Kälsch

Bechmann

Heider

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key features of the metabolic syndrome are insulin resistance and diabetes. The liver as central metabolic organ is not only affected by the metabolic syndrome as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but may contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic alterations. We aimed to identify potential associations between liver injury markers and diabetes in the population-based Heinz Nixdorf RECALL Study. Demographic and laboratory data were analyzed in participants (n = 4814, age 45 to 75y). ALT and AST values were significantly higher in males than in females. Mean BMI was 27.9 kg/m2 and type-2-diabetes (known and unkown) was present in 656 participants (13.7%). Adiponectin and vitamin D both correlated inversely with BMI. ALT, AST, and GGT correlated with BMI, CRP and HbA1c and inversely correlated with adiponectin levels. Logistic regression models using HbA1c and adiponectin or HbA1c and BMI were able to predict diabetes with high accuracy. Transaminase levels within normal ranges were closely associated with the BMI and diabetes risk. Transaminase levels and adiponectin were inversely associated. Re-assessment of current normal range limits should be considered, to provide a more exact indicator for chronic metabolic liver injury, in particular to reflect the situation in diabetic or obese individuals.

show abstract

Alanine transferase: An independent indicator of adiposity related comorbidity risk in youth

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women

Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women

Diagnostic accuracy of serum alanine aminotransferase as biomarker for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in healthy subjects, using 3T MR spectroscopy

Normal liver enzymes are correlated with severity of metabolic syndrome in a large population based cohort

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About