Abstract:Novel nano- and microstructured surfaces are fabricated for cardiovascular implant application. A topography driven selective cell response of ECs over SMCs was demonstrated successfully.
“…In that sense, surface topographical modification attempts to alter the surface properties and provide the surface with specific functions, while not disturbing or damaging the bulk material properties. Previous works have developed surface topographical features by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [ 53 ], anodization [ 54 ], electron-beam lithography [ 55 ], plasma-based dry etching [ 40 ] or femtosecond laser [ 56 ]. Moreover, in order to improve biocompatibility, inorganic coatings, polymeric coatings, organic–inorganic hybrid materials and biological coatings have been investigated as stent coatings [ 57 , 58 ].…”
Endothelial coverage of an exposed cardiovascular stent surface leads to the occurrence of restenosis and late-stent thrombosis several months after implantation. To overcome this difficulty, modification of stent surfaces with topographical or biochemical features may be performed to increase endothelial cells’ (ECs) adhesion and/or migration. This work combines both strategies on cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy and studies the potential synergistic effect of linear patterned surfaces that are obtained by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP), coupled with the use of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) peptides. An extensive characterization of the modified surfaces was performed by using AFM, XPS, surface charge, electrochemical analysis and fluorescent methods. The biological response was studied in terms of EC adhesion, migration and proliferation assays. CoCr surfaces were successfully patterned with a periodicity of 10 µm and two different depths, D (≈79 and 762 nm). RGD and YIGSR were immobilized on the surfaces by CPTES silanization. Early EC adhesion was increased on the peptide-functionalized surfaces, especially for YIGSR compared to RGD. High-depth patterns generated 80% of ECs’ alignment within the topographical lines and enhanced EC migration. It is noteworthy that the combined use of the two strategies synergistically accelerated the ECs’ migration and proliferation, proving the potential of this strategy to enhance stent endothelialization.
“…In that sense, surface topographical modification attempts to alter the surface properties and provide the surface with specific functions, while not disturbing or damaging the bulk material properties. Previous works have developed surface topographical features by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [ 53 ], anodization [ 54 ], electron-beam lithography [ 55 ], plasma-based dry etching [ 40 ] or femtosecond laser [ 56 ]. Moreover, in order to improve biocompatibility, inorganic coatings, polymeric coatings, organic–inorganic hybrid materials and biological coatings have been investigated as stent coatings [ 57 , 58 ].…”
Endothelial coverage of an exposed cardiovascular stent surface leads to the occurrence of restenosis and late-stent thrombosis several months after implantation. To overcome this difficulty, modification of stent surfaces with topographical or biochemical features may be performed to increase endothelial cells’ (ECs) adhesion and/or migration. This work combines both strategies on cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy and studies the potential synergistic effect of linear patterned surfaces that are obtained by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP), coupled with the use of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) peptides. An extensive characterization of the modified surfaces was performed by using AFM, XPS, surface charge, electrochemical analysis and fluorescent methods. The biological response was studied in terms of EC adhesion, migration and proliferation assays. CoCr surfaces were successfully patterned with a periodicity of 10 µm and two different depths, D (≈79 and 762 nm). RGD and YIGSR were immobilized on the surfaces by CPTES silanization. Early EC adhesion was increased on the peptide-functionalized surfaces, especially for YIGSR compared to RGD. High-depth patterns generated 80% of ECs’ alignment within the topographical lines and enhanced EC migration. It is noteworthy that the combined use of the two strategies synergistically accelerated the ECs’ migration and proliferation, proving the potential of this strategy to enhance stent endothelialization.
“…Kiefer et al [ 77 ] creatively combined CVD and laser surface treatment to produce a novel nanowire/micropits aluminium–aluminium oxide (Al/Al 2 O 3 ) multi-phase surface topography on the biocompatible glass as shown in Fig. 9 .…”
Section: Effects Of Topography and Surface Chemistry On Stentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 9 Schematic pictures of nanowire/nanopits hierarchical texture fabricated by CVD with laser ablation [ 77 ] : (a) SEM of the nanowire/nanopit texture; (b)SEM images of nanowire texture; (c) SEM images of pores inside nanopits. …”
Section: Effects Of Topography and Surface Chemistry On Stentsmentioning
Late in-stent thrombus and restenosis still represent two major challenges in stents’ design. Surface treatment of stent is attracting attention due to the increasing importance of stenting intervention for coronary artery diseases. Several surface engineering techniques have been utilised to improve the biological response
in vivo
on a wide range of biomedical devices. As a tailorable, precise, and ultra-fast process, laser surface engineering offers the potential to treat stent materials and fabricate various 3D textures, including grooves, pillars, nanowires, porous and freeform structures, while also modifying surface chemistry through nitridation, oxidation and coatings. Laser-based processes can reduce the biodegradable materials' degradation rate, offering many advantages to improve stents’ performance, such as increased endothelialisation rate, prohibition of SMC proliferation, reduced platelet adhesion and controlled corrosion and degradation. Nowadays, adequate research has been conducted on laser surface texturing and surface chemistry modification. Laser texturing on commercial stents has been also investigated and a promotion of performance of laser-textured stents has been proved.
In this critical review, the influence of surface texture and surface chemistry on stents performance is firstly reviewed to understand the surface characteristics of stents required to facilitate cellular response. This is followed by the explicit illustration of laser surface engineering of stents and/or related materials. Laser induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS) on stent materials is then explored, and finally the application of laser surface modification techniques on latest generation of stent devices is highlighted to provide future trends and research direction on laser surface engineering of stents.
“…Although it is not possible to transfer molecular results to solid surfaces in a 1 : 1 fashion, it is nevertheless remarkable that amino acids (or derivatives) may not only bind to Al 2 O 3 /OAlOH surfaces through hydrogen bridges, but could also directly bind to aluminum. This could be a valuable hint for alumina surface reactions of peptides (see also references [1][2][3]10,11] ).…”
Section: Articlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…This gives a first idea about atomic interactions of amino acids with Al 2 O 3 , respectively OAlOH entities and may be of more general meaning for Al 2 O 3 surface reactions of amino-acids and peptides, which are currently under study. [10,11]…”
The etherate of (Ph 2 SiO) 8 [Al(O)OH] 4 can be transformed into the pyrazine adduct (Ph 2 SiO) 8 [Al(O)OH] 4 •3N(C 2 H 2) 2 N (1), the ethyl acetate adduct (Ph 2 SiO) 8 [Al(O)OH] 4 •3H 3 C-C(O)OC 2 H 5 (2), the 1,6-hexane diol adduct (Ph 2 SiO) 8 [Al(O)OH] 4 •2HO-CH 2 (CH 2) 4 CH 2-OH (3) and the 1,4-cyclohexane diol adduct (Ph 2 SiO) 8 [Al(O) OH] 4 •4HO-CH(CH 2 CH 2) 2 CH-OH (4). In all compounds the OH groups of the starting material bind to the bases through O-H•••N (1) or O-H•••O hydrogen bonds (2, 3, 4) as found from single-crystal Xray diffraction analyses. Whereas in 1 only three of the central OH groups bind to the pyrazines, in 2 two of them bind to the same carbonyl oxygen atom of the ethyl acetate resulting in an unprecedented O-H•••O•••H-O double hydrogen bridge. The hexane diol adduct 3 in
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