AKvr-1, A DOMINANT MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS RESTRICTION GENE, SEGREGATES IN LEUKEMIA-PRONE WILD MICE

Gardener, Murray B.; Rasheed, Suraiya; Pal, Bijay K.; Estes, John D.; Berman, Eric J.; O’Brien, Stephen J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-255850-4.50025-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Natural protection in mice against several MuLV diseases has been correlated with endogenous expression of glycoproteins homologous to retroviral envelopes (4, 5, 18,25,41,43). In the case of the Fv-4 locus (56), the resistant allele has been cloned and shown to encode an envelope-like glycoprotein (24,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Corbin

Sitbon

1993

J Virol

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Cell cultures expressing a retroviral envelope are relatively resistant to superinfection by retroviruses which bear envelopes using the same receptor. We tested whether this phenomenon, known as interference to superinfection, might confer protection against retroviral diseases. Newborn mice first inoculated with the attenuated strain B3 of Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) were protected against severe early hemolytic anemia and nonacute anemiant erythroleukemia induced by the vinlent strain 57 of F-MuLV. Vaccinated animals were also protected as adults against acute polycythemic erythroleukemia induced upon inoculation with the viral complex containing the defective spleen focus-forming virus and F-MuLV 57 as helper virus. Animals were inoculated as newborns, which is known to induce immune tolerance in mice, and the rapid kinetics of protection, incompatible with the delay necessary for the immune response to develop, indicated that protection was not due to an immune mechanism but rather was due to the rapid and long-lasting phenomenon of interference. This result was confirmed by combining parental and envelope chimeric MuLV from different interference groups as vaccinal and challenge viruses. Although efficient protection could be provided by vaccination by interference, we observed that attenuated replication-competent retroviruses from heterologous interference groups might exert deleterious synergistic effects. A cell culture infected with a retrovirus becomes relatively resistant to superinfection by a related retrovirus (40, 61). This in vitro phenomenon, known as interference to superinfection, has been observed with all retroviral species tested (40, 44, 55, 61). It involves the viral envelope glycoprotein (14, 20, 22, 23, 55), results from a restricted penetration into the cell (53, 54), and has been observed only when both viruses share the same receptor (18, 21, 59, 60). A mechanistic model has been postulated according to which penetration of new virions is restricted as a result of direct interaction of the viral envelope glycoprotein produced by infected cells with its cellular receptor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Corbin

Sitbon

1993

J Virol

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“…The Fv4 locus of mice controls susceptibility to infection by ecotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) (56,57). The resistant allele Fv4r restricts the replication of the ecotropic MuLVs (28, 39, 40) and was reported to be identical to the Akvr-J gene subsequently found in California wild mice (12,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Construction and characterization of the recombinant Moloney murine leukemia viruses bearing the mouse Fv-4 env gene

Masuda

Yasuda

1990

J Virol

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A nucleotide sequence of the mouse Fv4 env gene was completed. Structural comparison revealed a close relationship of Fv4 to the ecotropic Cas-Br-E murine leukemia virus isolated from a wild mouse in southern California. Various portions of the env gene of Moloney murine leukemia virus were replaced by the corresponding Fv4 env sequence to construct recombinant murine leukemia virus clones. Infectivity of these recombinants was checked by the S+Lcell focus induction assay and the XC cell syncytium formation assay. Recombinants bearing the following Fv4 env sequence retained ecotropic infectivity; the AccI-BamHI and BamHI-Ball regions coding for the N-and C-terminal halves of Fv4 gp7OSU, respectively; and the BalI-NcoI region encoding the cleavage site between gp7OSu and pl5(E)TM of the Fv4 env. However, when the Fv4 sequence was substituted for the p15(E)TM-coding NcoI-EcoRV region or the AccI-EcoRV region covering almost the entire env gene, infectivity was undetectable in our assays. The recombinant clone containing the Fv4 AccI-EcoRV region, i.e., almost the entire Fv4 env sequence, was introduced with pSV2neo into NIH 3T3 cells, and a G418' cell line named NIH(Fv4)-2 was isolated. The NIH(Fv4)-2 cell released viral particles that contained reverse transcriptase, Fv4 env molecules as well as the other viral proteins, and viral genomic RNA. However, proviral DNA synthesis was not detected upon inoculation of this virus in NIH 3T3 cells. The loss of infectivity of the recombinant virus bearing the Fv4 AccI-EcoRV region appeared to be caused by failure in an early step of replication. * Corresponding author. cleavage site by the Fv4 env sequence also did not affect infectivity. However, infectivity was not detected for the recombinant containing the coding region of Fv4 TM or the quasi-total Fv4 env gene. The DNA clone pArMLVFv4-AR, which contained the quasi-total Fv4 env gene, was cotransfected with pSV2neo into NIH 3T3 cells, and a G418' cell line was obtained that released recombinant MuLV. This virus was competent in the late step of replication after integration but was defective in the early phase of infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasmid. Plasmid pFv4, a gift from Hidetoshi Ikeda (Aichi Cancer Institute, Nagoya, Japan), contains the Fv4r gene cloned in the EcoRI site of pBR322 (Fig. 1) (24). An infectious DNA clone of Mo-MuLV, pMLV48 (6), was obtained from Hung Fan (University of California, Irvine) through Ohtsura Niwa (University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan). This plasmid contains an integrated form of the Mo-MuLV genome and flanking sequences derived from mouse chromosomal DNA. The XhoI-EcoRI fragment of this plasmid was recloned into the SalI-EcoRI fragment of pBR322 whose AatII site was deleted. This plasmid was named pArMLV48 (Fig. 1). Sequence determination. DNA subfragments of the Fv4 env coding region were cloned into pUC18 or pUC19 (62). Nucleotide sequences were determined by the dideoxy chain termination method (51), using alkaline-denatured plasmid DNA as a template (21). Cells and transf...

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Resistance of fibroblasts and hematopoietic cells to ecotropic murine leukemia virus infection; an Akvr‐1^R gene effect

Rasheed

Gardner

1983

Intl Journal of Cancer

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A gene named Akvr-1 segregates as a dominant allele in California wild mice (LC). Unlike Fv-1 and Fv-2 restriction alleles, the Akvr-1 confers resistance to replication of all ecotropic (N-, B-, and NB-tropic) murine leukemia viruses (MuLV-E) and prevents endogenous AKR virus-induced lymphoma/leukemia in F1 hybrids of AKR x LC. We have tested fibroblasts and hematopoietic cells from mice of defined Akvr-1 genotypes for in vitro susceptibility to various MuLV infections. Our results indicated a dominant in vitro resistance of exogenously MuLV-E infected cells carrying Akvr-1R allele although resistance was stronger in the homozygous cells than in the heterozygous cells. Moreover, resistance of cells to virus replication was not abrogated by high multiplicities of infection or by growth stimulation of hematopoietic cultures by various T- or B-cell-responsive mitogenic agents.

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AKvr-1, A DOMINANT MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS RESTRICTION GENE, SEGREGATES IN LEUKEMIA-PRONE WILD MICE

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Construction and characterization of the recombinant Moloney murine leukemia viruses bearing the mouse Fv-4 env gene

Resistance of fibroblasts and hematopoietic cells to ecotropic murine leukemia virus infection; an Akvr‐1^R gene effect

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AKvr-1, A DOMINANT MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS RESTRICTION GENE, SEGREGATES IN LEUKEMIA-PRONE WILD MICE

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Protection against retroviral diseases after vaccination is conferred by interference to superinfection with attenuated murine leukemia viruses

Construction and characterization of the recombinant Moloney murine leukemia viruses bearing the mouse Fv-4 env gene

Resistance of fibroblasts and hematopoietic cells to ecotropic murine leukemia virus infection; an Akvr‐1R gene effect

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Resistance of fibroblasts and hematopoietic cells to ecotropic murine leukemia virus infection; an Akvr‐1^R gene effect