Aktuelle Diagnostik und Behandlung des Basalzellkarzinoms

Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma represents is most common tumor in fair-skinned individuals. In Germany, age-standardized incidence rates are 63 (women) and 80 (men) per 100,000 population per year. Early lesions may be difficult to diagnose merely on clinical grounds. Here, noninvasive diagnostic tools such as optical coherence tomography and confocal laser scanning microscopy may be helpful. The clinical diagnosis is usually confirmed by histology. Standard therapy consists of complete excision with thorough histological examination, either by means of micrographic surgery or, depending on tumor size and location as well as infiltration, using surgical margins of 3-5 mm or more. In particular, multiple basal cell carcinomas (such as in Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) and locally advanced as well as rarely also metastatic basal cell carcinoma may pose a therapeutic challenge. In superficial basal cell carcinoma, nonsurgical therapies such as photodynamic therapy or topical agents may be considered. In case of locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma, an interdisciplinary tumor board should issue therapeutic recommendations. These include radiation therapy as well as systemic therapy with a hedgehog inhibitor.

Near-infrared fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy with indocyanine green lactosome has antineoplastic effects for hepatocellular carcinoma

“…In addition, heat is generated by the reaction, and this thermal effect contributes to the tumor-suppressive effect [ 9 , 12 ]. PDT has been primarily applied as a local therapy for malignancies such as skin cancer [ 13 ] and superficial bladder cancer [ 14 ]. However, it has recently become more widely accepted as a treatment option for early gastric, esophageal, and lung cancer [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Patient and Physician’s Experience

“…In addition to Mohs micrographic surgery, there are other surgical, nonsurgical, and systemic treatments for basal cell carcinoma (Table 4 ) [ 5 , 10 , 13 , 34 , 35 , 37 – 41 ]. Systemic treatments are considered for individuals with either giant, advanced, or metastatic basal cell carcinomas [ 5 , 10 , 13 ].…”

“…Systemic treatments are considered for individuals with either giant, advanced, or metastatic basal cell carcinomas [ 5 , 10 , 13 ]. Radiation therapy may be considered for patients for whom surgery is not feasible or is contraindicated; in addition, adjuvant radiotherapy may be recommended for some individuals with high-risk basal cell carcinomas—such as patients whose tumors have perineural invasion or have not been able to achieve a tumor-free margins of excision, or both [ 34 , 35 , 41 ]. Nonsurgical topical interventions may be considered in patients with superficial basal cell carcinomas [ 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 40 ].…”

Metastatic basal cell carcinoma: complete remission under vismodegib

“…At a reported rate of maximally 0.55 %, the metastasis rate of BCC is very low [1]. The median patient age in metastatic BCC is 59 years.…”