Aktinische Keratose, Morbus Bowen, Keratoakanthom und Plattenepithelkarzinom der Haut

Abstract

Actinic (solar) keratosis is an intraepidermal squamous neoplasm of sun-damaged skin and by far the most frequent neoplastic skin lesion. A subdivison into three grades has been proposed with increasing acceptance not least because of the therapeutic consequences. The transition to invasive squamous cell carcinoma is reported in 5-10 % and with immunosuppression in 30 % of patients.Bowen's disease is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the skin and the mucocutaneous junction. The differentiation from bowenoid papulosis as a lesion associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), actinic (solar) keratosis grade III, intraepidermal poroid lesions and in cases of clonal type from clonal seborrhoic keratosis and Paget's disease is very important.Keratoacanthoma is currently uniformly interpreted as a variant of highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with clinical and histomorphological characteristics. Clinically keratoacanthoma erupts rapidly and is capable of resolving spontaneously. Histologically, there is a characteristic growth pattern and various stages of regression. The final histomorphological diagnosis needs the entire specimen.Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is the second most common type of skin cancer following basal cell carcinoma. With respect to reccurrencies and risk of metastases the subtyping of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is very important. The classification system of the Union Internationale Contra le Cancer (UICC) is based solely on the anatomical spread and the classification system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) also considers so-called high-risk features in the staging between stages I and II.

AQP3 small interfering RNA and PLD2 small interfering RNA inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of squamous cell carcinoma

“…AK is an intra-epidermal keratinocyte-derived precancerous lesion in humans. BD is a variant of SCC in the skin and the mucocutaneous junction ( 20 ). The findings of the present study suggested that increased levels of AQP3 were correlated with proliferation in SCC, and with tumor progression from a precancerous lesion to a cancerous lesion in situ , and then to an invasive lesion.…”

Cutaneous Papillomaviruses and Non-melanoma Skin Cancer: Causal Agents or Innocent Bystanders?

“…Some of these SCCs were well differentiated and keratinizing (KSCCs), containing high amounts of extrachromosomal and transcriptionally active MnPV genomes as observed previously in spontaneous MnPV-induced tumors ( Amtmann et al, 1984 ; Vinzón et al, 2014 ), whereas poorly differentiated and non-keratinizing SCCs (nKSCCs) only contained low amounts or even lacked viral DNA. Histologically KSCCs were similar to human AKs and Bowen’s disease ( Majores and Bierhoff, 2015 ) which also contain high viral loads whereas SCCs usually lack HPV DNA ( Weissenborn et al, 2005 ). However, irrespective of the tumor type, all tumor-bearing animals developed antibody responses against the viral L1 capsid protein, providing evidence for preceding infections, which again is seen in SCC patients ( Andersson et al, 2008 ).…”