AKT capture by feline leukemia virus

Kawamura, Morio; Umehara, Daigo; Odahara, Yuka; Miyake, Ariko; Ngo, Minh Ha; Ohsato, Yoshiharu; Hisasue, Masaharu; Nakaya, Muneo; Watanabe, Shinya; Nishigaki, Kazuo

doi:10.1007/s00705-016-3192-1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Step 5: the presence of the same six-nucleotide sequence (CAAAGT) in the 5′ and 3′ proviral integration sites in the CC2D2A genomic sequence supports our hypothesis that the second recombinant was successfully reverse-transcribed and eventually integrated as a BLV chimeric provirus into the host genome [11]. The previous nding of a provirus showing a recombinant between feline leukemia virus and a truncated AKT gene in a feline lymphoma may further support our above hypothesis [12].…”

Section: Full Textsupporting

confidence: 76%

Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis

Nao,

Okagawa,

Nojiri

et al. 2024

Arch Virol

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Section: Full Textsupporting

confidence: 76%

Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis

Nao,

Okagawa,

Nojiri

et al. 2024

Arch Virol

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“…This situation would be analogous to that seen in FeLV where the FeLV A strain is the only one that spreads from cat to cat, with the B, C, D, T and feline fibrosarcoma strains arising independently in individual animals via env mutations or recombination with endogenous loci or the acquisition of cellular oncogenes. The derived strains of FeLV use different receptors, and display altered pathogenicity, to the FeLV A strain 43,44 again analogous to KoRV where the KoRV B and E variants use a different receptor to KoRV A 23,42 . Should it prove the case that only one strain of KoRV is transmissible, this bears promise for the success of a vaccination effort 34 ; the commercial FeLV vaccines that target only the A variant have been highly successful in reducing the incidence of clinical FeLV disease 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential and defective expression of Koala Retrovirus indicate complexity of host and virus evolution

Tarlinton

Sarker

Fabijan

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is unique amongst endogenous (inherited) retroviruses in that its incorporation to the host genome is still active, providing an opportunity to study what drives this fundamental process in vertebrate genome evolution. RNA sequencing of KoRV from koala populations with high virus burden (Queensland) and low virus burden (South Australia) identified that South Australian animals, a population previously thought to have KoRV negative animals, harboured replication defective KoRV. This discovery provides the first evidence that a host population may maintain defective KoRV as protection from the infectious form of KoRV. This offers the intriguing prospect of being able to monitor and selectively breed for disease resistance to protect other wild koala populations from KoRV induced disease.

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“…Simultaneously, we detected interesting retroviral genes, including those codifying the transforming retroviral kinase gag-akt fusion protein, related to feline retrovirus lineage [20][21] . This confirmed the specific immuno-labelling of the giant viral particles with a screen of anti-FeLV Mo-Abs and the retrotranscriptase enzymatic activity of the giant viral particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Discovery of the First Human Retro-Giant Virus: Description of its morphology, retroviral kinase and ability to induce tumours in mice

Lusi

Caicci

2019

Preprint

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BackgroundThe study of retroviruses dates back to the early 1900s during investigations on neoplastic diseases in chickens. Subsequently, Robert Gallo reported the first human retrovirus HLTV in 1980. What we report here is not an archetypal retrovirus, but the discovery of an oncogenic giant microbial agent with a mega-genome, where the transforming retroviral nature co-exists with multiple archaeal oncogenes.MethodsAfter their isolation from human T cells Leukaemia, these organisms were examined at electron microscopy, tested for reverse transcriptase activity, fully sequenced, used for transformation tests on NIH-3T3 cells in vitro and tumours formation in mice. Same type of particles were also isolated from Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumour (CTVT), the oldest contagious cancer in nature.ResultsEM showed the presence of giant viral particles displaying retroviral antigens. These microbial entities harbour in their mega-genome a transforming retroviral kinase, cell-based oncogenes and have reverse transcriptase activity. The purified viral particles transformed NIH-3T3 cells and induced metastatic tumours in nude mice, three weeks post infection. Ruling out the possible presence of filterable retroviruses, a filtered supernatant did not display RT activity and did not transforms.ConclusionsWe discovered an ancestral microbial agent, acutely transforming. For its giant dimensions, the ability to retain the Gram stain, the presence of a mega-genome and its retroviral nature, we tentatively named the agent Retro-Giant-Virus (RGV). However, distinct from amoeba giant Mimiviruses, this transforming human agent has a different nature and does not require for its isolation amoeba co-culture, since amoeba is not its natural host.The morphology, biology and genetic features allocate this mammalian giant microbe halfway in between a classic oncogenic virus and an infectious cancer cell. Its transforming nature goes with its constant ability to induce tumours formation in mice.

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AKT capture by feline leukemia virus

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis

Chimeric provirus of bovine leukemia virus/SMAD family member 3 in cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis

Differential and defective expression of Koala Retrovirus indicate complexity of host and virus evolution

Discovery of the First Human Retro-Giant Virus: Description of its morphology, retroviral kinase and ability to induce tumours in mice

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