Akkermansia, a Possible Microbial Marker for Poor Glycemic Control in Qataris Children Consuming Arabic Diet—A Pilot Study on Pediatric T1DM in Qatar

Abstract

In Qatar, Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most prevalent disorders. This study aimed to explore the gut microbiome’s relation to the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy, dietary habits, and the HbA1c level in the pediatric T1DM subjects in Qatar. We recruited 28 T1DM subjects with an average age of 10.5 ± 3.53 years. The stool sample was used to measure microbial composition by 16s rDNA sequencing method. The results have revealed that the subjects who had undergone CSII therapy had increased microbial diversity and genus Akkermansia was significantly enriched in the subjects without CSII therapy. Moreover, genus Akkermansia was higher in the subjects with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.5%). When we classified the subjects based on dietary patterns and nationality, Akkermansia was significantly enriched in Qataris subjects without the CSII therapy consuming Arabic diet than expatriates living in Qatar and eating a Western/mixed diet. Thus, this pilot study showed that abundance of Akkermansia is dependent on the Arabic diet only in poorly controlled Qataris T1DM patients, opening new routes to personalized treatment for T1DM in Qataris pediatric subjects. Further comprehensive studies on the relation between the Arabic diet, ethnicity, and Akkermansia are warranted to confirm this preliminary finding.

The potential impact of a probiotic: Akkermansia muciniphila in the regulation of blood pressure—the current facts and evidence

“…On the contrary, few studies have reported a higher level of A. muciniphila during disease progression [ 78 , 79 ]. In our previous two studies, we found that a higher abundance of A. muciniphila was linked with the activation of LPS in CKD mice than in the control mice [ 80 ], and insufficient glycemic control in pediatric subjects with T1DM is linked to the higher level of A. muciniphila [ 81 ]. Thus, the level of A. muciniphila is critical for the pathophysiology of certain diseases where there is activation of an inflammatory-mediated pathway.…”

Quantifying the relationship between dapagliflozin and loss of weight in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients

“…1 The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas reported that the incidence of T1DM continues to increase worldwide, with approximately one million cases presented annually. 1,2 T1DM had many complications including severe hypoglycaemia, ketoacidosis, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular complications. 3 Currently, the main treatment for T1DM patients was insulin replacement therapy.…”

“…Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, was a metabolic disorder, and it could result in insulin deficiency, which affect all age groups irrespective of gender 1 . The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas reported that the incidence of T1DM continues to increase worldwide, with approximately one million cases presented annually 1,2 . T1DM had many complications including severe hypoglycaemia, ketoacidosis, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular complications 3 .…”

Modulation of the gut microbiome and Firmicutes phylum reduction by a nutraceutical blend in the obesity mouse model and overweight humans: A double‐blind clinical trial

“…Prior studies have highlighted the benefits of protocols involving prebiotics such as FOS (Everard et al., 2013 ), GOS (Lakshmanan et al., 2021 ), β‐glucans (Arena et al., 2017 ), and mineral supplementation comprising magnesium (Santos‐Marcos et al., 2019 ), zinc (Shen et al., 2019 ), and selenium (Kumar et al., 2020 ), alongside plant‐derived compounds like flavonolignans (silymarin) (Xu et al., 2022 ). These protocols have exhibited advantages in ameliorating the pathogenesis of various noncommunicable chronic illnesses, such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases.…”