AKARI/IRC Deep Survey in the North Ecliptic Pole Region

Wada, Takehiko; Matsuhara, Hideo; Oyabu, Shinki; Takagi, Toshinobu; Lee, Hyung Mok; Im, Myungshin; Ohyama, Youichi; Goto, Tomotsugu; Pearson, Chris; White, G. J.; Serjeant, S.; Wada, Koichi; Hanami, H.

doi:10.1093/pasj/60.sp2.s517

Cited by 68 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For other bands we created simple PSFs using point sources or the weighted average of the above PSFs. We regarded the source as successfully extracted when the position of the extracted source agreed within 2.5 and 2.1 arcsec for the MIR and NIR bands, respectively, the same criteria as for the matching with χ 2 or ground-based catalogues, and the magnitude agreed within 0.5 mag, the same as Wada et al (2008). We defined the completeness as the ratio of the number of extracted sources to the number of input sources.…”

Section: Completenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous versions of the NEP-deep catalogues have been created by Wada et al (2008) and Takagi et al (2012). The former created nine single-band catalogues, the latter a MIR-merged catalogue with NIR photometry.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Cataloguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between these previous catalogues and our revised catalogue is necessary to assess the merits and the demerits in our analysis. In the following we compare our NIR catalogue with that of Wada et al (2008) and our MIR catalogue with that of Takagi et al (2012).…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Cataloguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalogue from this survey has been created by Wada et al (2008) and Takagi et al (2012). The former created single-band catalogues for all nine bands, while the latter created a mid-infrared (MIR) based bandmerged catalogue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey

Murata

Matsuhara

Wada

et al. 2013

A&A

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Context. We present the revised near-to mid-infrared catalogue of the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole deep survey. The survey has the unique advantage of continuous filter coverage from 2 to 24 μm over nine photometric bands, but the initial version of the survey catalogue leaves room for improvement in the image analysis stage; the original images are strongly contaminated by the behaviour of the detector and the optical system. Aims. The purpose of this study is to devise new image analysis methods and to improve the detection limit and reliability of the source extraction. Methods. We removed the scattered light and stray light from the Earth limb, and corrected for artificial patterns in the images by creating appropriate templates. We also removed any artificial sources due to bright sources by using their properties or masked them out visually. In addition, for the mid-infrared source extraction, we created detection images by stacking all six bands. This reduced the sky noise and enabled us to detect fainter sources more reliably. For the near-infrared source catalogue, we considered only objects with counterparts from ground-based catalogues to avoid fake sources. For our ground-based catalogues, we used catalogues based on the CFHT/MegaCam z band, CFHT/WIRCam Ks band and Subaru/Scam z band. Objects with multiple counterparts were all listed in the catalogue with a merged flag for the AKARI flux. Results. The detection limits of all mid-infrared bands were improved by ∼20%, and the total number of detected objects was increased by ∼2000 compared with the previous version of the catalogue; it now has 9560 objects. The 5σ detection limits in our catalogue are 11, 9, 10, 30, 34, 57, 87, 93, and 256 μJy in the N2, N3, N4, S7, S9W, S11, L15, L18W, and L24 bands, respectively. The astrometric accuracies of these band detections are 0.48, 0.52, 0.55, 0.99, 0.95, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.6 arcsec, respectively. The false-detection rate of all nine bands was decreased to less than 0.3%. In total, 27 770 objects are listed in the catalogue, 11 349 of which have mid-infrared fluxes.

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Section: Completenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Previous Cataloguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Previous Cataloguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey

Murata

Matsuhara

Wada

et al. 2013

A&A

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“…Here we mainly use the data from the NEP-Deep survey, which has follow-up observations over the whole electromagnetic spectrum from X-ray to radio. Detailed descriptions of the NEP-Deep survey and the mid-IR source catalogue are given in Wada et al (2008) and Takagi et al (2012, in press), respectively. …”

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confidence: 99%

Photometric studies of PAH emission from distant infrared galaxies

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Using extensive mid-IR datasets from AKARI, i.e. 9 band photometry covering the wavelength range from 2 µm to 24 µm and the unbiased spectroscopic survey for sources with Sν (9µm)> 0.3 mJy, we investigated the PAHs emission features in distant starburst galaxies. PAH-selected galaxies, selected with an extremely red mid-IR colour due to PAHs, are found to have a peculiar rest-frame 11-to-8 µm flux ratio, which is systematically smaller than nearby starburst/AGN spectral templates. This may indicate a systematic difference in the physical condition of the ISM between nearby and distant starburst galaxies.Keywords. infrared: galaxies, galaxies: starburst, ISM: evolution, dust AKARI extragalactic surveys around the NEPAlong with the all-sky survey, AKARI performed 5088 pointed observations in selected areas of sky during its cold phase with liquid helium. Using 13 per cent of these pointedobservation opportunities, we conducted an extragalactic survey around the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP). A prominent characteristic of this survey is its comprehensive mid-IR wavelength coverage, using 9 photometric bands to span the wavelength range from 2 to 24 µm. Furthermore, we utilized the slitless spectroscopic capability of the IRC onboard AKARI for an unbiased spectroscopic survey at mid-IR wavelengths. Photometric survey (NEP-Deep):The NEP survey is two-tiered, consisting of the NEP-Deep and NEP-Wide surveys with circular areas of 0.6 deg 2 and 5.8 deg 2 , respectively. The field configuration of the NEP survey is shown in Figure 1. Here we mainly use the data from the NEP-Deep survey, which has follow-up observations over the whole electromagnetic spectrum from X-ray to radio. Detailed descriptions of the NEP-Deep survey and the mid-IR source catalogue are given in Wada et al. (2008) and Takagi et al. (2012, in press), respectively. Slitless spectroscoPIC surveY of galaxies (SPICY):In the SPICY program, we obtained 5 -15 µm spectra of a flux-limited sample of mid-IR sources with S ν (9 µm) > 0.3 mJy. The SPICY fields are patchily distributed around the NEP-Deep field, covering ∼1000 arcmin 2 in total. Most of the SPICY fields lie inside the NEP-Deep field. The spectral resolution of the IRC slitless spectroscopy is R 50 and therefore any narrow fine-structure lines would be smoothed out. The PAH 6.2, 7,7, and 8.6 µm peaks were simultaneously fitted along with the continuum. From these PAH features, we measured the PAH luminosity as well as the redshift for more than 50 galaxies at z < 0.5. The PAH 456 available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi

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Evolution of infrared luminosity functions of galaxies in the AKARI NEP-deep field

Goto

Takagi

Matsuhara

et al. 2010

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Aims. Dust-obscured star-formation increases with increasing intensity and increasing redshift. We aim to reveal the cosmic starformation history obscured by dust using deep infrared observation with AKARI. Methods. We constructed restframe 8 μm, 12 μm, and total infrared (TIR) luminosity functions (LFs) at 0.15 < z < 2.2 using 4128 infrared sources in the AKARI NEP-deep field. A continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR wavelength (2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, and 24 μm) by the AKARI satellite allowed us to estimate restframe 8 μm and 12 μm luminosities without using a large extrapolation based on an SED fit, which was the largest uncertainty in previous work. Results. We find that all 8 μm (0.38 < z < 2.2), 12 μm (0.15 < z < 1.16), and TIR LFs (0.2 < z < 1.6) show continuous and strong evolution toward higher redshift. Our direct estimate of 8 μm LFs is useful since previous work often had to use a large extrapolation from the Spitzer 24 μm to 8 μm, where SED modeling is more difficult because of the PAH emissions. In terms of cosmic infrared luminosity density (Ω IR ), which was obtained by integrating analytic fits to the LFs, we find good agreement with previous work at z < 1.2. We find the Ω IR evolves as ∝ (1 + z) 4.4±1.0 . When we separate contributions to Ω IR by LIRGs and ULIRGs, we found more IR luminous sources are increasingly more important at higher redshift. We find that the ULIRG (LIRG) contribution increases by a factor of 10 (1.8) from z = 0.35 to z = 1.4. Key words. infrared: galaxies -galaxies: luminosity function, mass function -galaxies: evolution -galaxies: high-redshiftgalaxies: formation -galaxies: starburst This research is based on the observations with AKARI, a JAXA project with the participation of ESA.Based on data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.JSPS SPD fellow.

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AKARI/IRC Deep Survey in the North Ecliptic Pole Region

Cited by 68 publications

References 39 publications

AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey

AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey

Photometric studies of PAH emission from distant infrared galaxies

Evolution of infrared luminosity functions of galaxies in the AKARI NEP-deep field

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