Airway Responses following Intradermal Sensitization to Different Types of Allergens: Ovalbumin, Trimellitic Anhydride and &lt;i&gt;Dermatophagoides farinae&lt;/i&gt;

Arakawa, Hirokazu; Lötvall, Jan; Kawikova, Ivana; Morikawa, Akihiro; Skoogh, Bengt-Eric

doi:10.1159/000237164

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Arakawa et al [21] showed that guinea pigs sensitized with different types of allergens (ovalbumin or Derf) had different profiles o f airway responses AC. These findings suggest that physiochemical differences be tween these allergens might lead to the difference in diffu sion and interaction with target cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…eosinophil colony-stimulating factor [19], A guinea pig model of airway allergy to Der f has been developed [20]. Instilled Der f caused a slowly progressing increase in lung resistance in guinea pigs sensitized by intradermal injection of Der f in corn oil [21]. It has also been shown that chal lenge with Der f aerosol in sensitized guinea pigs caused eosinophilia in BAL [22], We have recently demonstrated for the first time that Der f antigen could induce eosinophi lia in sensitized mice [23], The Der-f-induced eosinophilia w'as CD4+ T cell dependent and associated with a series of inflammatory and immunological events including the de velopment o f early-type hypersensitivity (ETH), tumor ne crosis factor-(TNF)-« production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dermatophagoides-farinae-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilic Inflammation in Mice

Yang²,

Lee

et al. 1997

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) is one of the most common species of dust mites that induce asthma and allergic rhinitis. We have reported that Der f challenge on sensitized mice elicited a distinct type of hypersensitivity, called early-type hypersensitivity (ETH), in subcutaneous tissues and in airways. The airway ETH was accompanied by a series of inflammatory and immunological events including cytokine production, adhesion molecule expression, inflammatory cell infiltration, eosinophilia, and airway hyperreactivity. In the present study, we further defined the course of the Der-f-induced eosinophilia and examined the local cytokine gene expression and the roles of cytokines, mast-cell-derived vasoactive amines, and corticosteroids in the development of pulmonary eosinophilia. BALB/c mice were sensitized with crude extract of Der f in complete Freund’s adjuvant and were intranasally challenged with Der f on day 14 after sensitization. The number of blood eosinophils, total and differential leukocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids, and the expression of cytokine genes in BAL cells were assessed at various time points after challenge for up to 12 days. The total number of leukocytes in the BAL fluids was increased 6 h after challenge (AC) and peaked at 72 h. The early cellular response in the BAL fluids was dominated by neutrophils which were subsequently replaced by a marked infiltration of eosinophils. The number of eosinophils in BAL fluids increased at 24 h and peaked at 72 h, making up 43% of all cells recovered by BAL. BAL eosinophils declined gradually to normal background levels around day 12. Concurrently, there was a significant reduction in the number of eosinophils in blood 24 h AC. The number of blood eosinophils increased thereafter, reached a peak at 72 h, and remained above baseline level for up to 10 days. Saline challenge did not induce eosinophilia in BAL fluids and blood of sensitized mice. Histopathological examination revealed a mixed granulocytic, monocytic pulmonary inflammation with a large number of eosinophils accumulating within the submucosa of the airways and blood vessels of sensitized mice after challenge. Der f challenge induced a sequential expression pattern of eight cytokine genes in BAL cells. The mRNA of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α strongly expressed throughout the course of the experiment. The IL-6 mRNA expression peaked at 0.5–72 h, IL-10 at 1–6 and 48–72 h, IL-4 at 6–72 h, IL-2 at 6–96 h, IL-5 at 24–72 h, and interferon-γ at 24–96 h. Intraperitoneal injection of sensitized mice with monoclonal antibody (mAb) to murine IL-5 (TRFK5, 300 μg/mouse) 1 h before challenge caused 62% suppression of eosinophils in the BAL fluids. The concomitant accumulation of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, however, was not affected by this treatment. On the other hand, intranasal administration of mAb to murine TNF-α (MP6-XT3,20 μg/ mouse), but not IL-5, 1 h before challenge and 24 h AC significantly reduced the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatophagoides-farinae-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilic Inflammation in Mice

Yang²,

Lee

et al. 1997

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…For sensitization to TMA, clear dose-response relationships and NOELs have been found in several animal studies (Arakawa et al, 1995;Blaikie et al, 1995;Hilton et al, 1995;Potter & Wederbrand, 1995;Pauluhn et al, 2002;Warbrick et al, 2002). Regarding the elicitation phase, however, observed concentration-response relationships and NOELs for functional changes (Botham et al, 1989;Blaikie et al, 1995) appeared less convincing.…”

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confidence: 95%

Respiratory Allergy to Trimellitic Anhydride in Rats: Concentration-Response Relationships During Elicitation

Arts

Koning

Bloksma

et al. 2004

Inhalation Toxicology

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The present study investigated whether airway responses of sensitized rats to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) were concentration dependent and whether these were related to irritation by TMA. Groups of BN and Wistar rats were sensitized by two dermal applications of TMA (50% w/v, followed by 25% w/v in vehicle). Controls received vehicle (acetone-olive oil 4:1, v/v). All animals were challenged 3 wk after the first sensitization by inhalation of one of a range of concentrations of TMA (0.2-61 mg/m3 for BN rats, 15-250 mg/m3 for Wistar rats). Breathing pattern, breathing frequency, and tidal volume were measured before, during, and after challenge to assess allergic and irritative airway responses. One day after challenge, nonspecific airway responsiveness to a range of concentrations of methacholine was measured. At necropsy on the same day, blood was withdrawn for measuring total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and organs were weighed. Larynx, trachea and lungs were examined histopathologically. In BN rats, TMA sensitization elevated total IgE levels; subsequent inhalation challenge with 2 mg/m3 of TMA and higher caused laryngeal inflammation with squamous epithelial metaplasia, and pulmonary hemorrhages. Concentration-related decreases in breathing frequency and alterations in breathing pattern, which differed from the irritation-induced pattern, were also observed at these levels. Inhalation challenge with TMA concentrations of 12 mg/m3 and higher increased lung weight. Increased nonspecific airway responsiveness was observed at the 2 next higher tested concentrations of 46 and 61 mg/m3. In unsensitized BN rats, only laryngeal squamous metaplasia was observed, albeit at higher challenge concentrations of TMA, and decreased breathing frequency, a typical breathing pattern characteristic of irritation. Identically sensitized Wistar rats showed airway inflammation and pulmonary hemorrhages upon challenge with TMA, but no functional changes, even at distinctly irritating concentrations of TMA up to 250 mg/m3. In conclusion, TMA challenge of sensitized BN rats caused challenge concentration-related allergic airway inflammation, asthmalike changes in breathing pattern, and increased nonspecific airway responsiveness. The lowest no-observed-effect level (NOEL) based on the most sensitive endpoint investigated was 0.2 mg/m3, a value that is well below the irritation concentration. The presence of a NOEL in the sensitized BN rat suggests that assessment of safe human exposure levels is feasible.

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“…(36) Local dermal sensitization might well progress to systemic sensitization and respiratory asthma. For healthy, intact skin, the large molecular size of egg proteins would prevent these proteins from passing through the stratum corneum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Protein Aeroallergens in Egg Processing Facilities

Boeniger

Lummus

Biagini

et al. 2001

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Proteinaceous materials in the air can be highly allergenic and result in a range of immunologically mediated respiratory effects, including asthma. We report on the largest evaluation of exposure to date of airborne egg protein concentrations in an egg breaking and processing plant that had cases of occupational asthma. Personal air samples for egg protein were analyzed in duplicate on each PTFE lter using two analytical methods: (1) a commercial assay for non-speci c total protein, and (2) indirect competitive inhibition assay using an ELISA method to quantify speci c egg protein components. The highest concentrations were found in the egg washing room (mean exposure 644 ¹g/m 3 ) and breaking room (255 ¹g/m 3 ), which were also the areas where the risk of being sensitized was the greatest. There was excellent quantitative agreement between the airborne concentrations of total protein and sum of the speci c protein antigens (ovalbumin, ovomucoid, and lysozyme). The correlation coef cient of the log-transformed data from the two methods was 0.88 (p < 0.0001). Size-selective sampling also indicated that most of the aerosol was capable of reaching the small airways. The methods described can be utilized to evaluate employee exposure to egg proteins. Exposure documentation, coupled with recommended exposure reduction strategies, could facilitate prevention of future employee sensitization and allergic respiratory responses by identifying high-exposure jobs and evaluating control measures.

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Airway Responses following Intradermal Sensitization to Different Types of Allergens: Ovalbumin, Trimellitic Anhydride and <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

<i>Dermatophagoides-farina</i><i>e</i>-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilic Inflammation in Mice

<i>Dermatophagoides-farina</i><i>e</i>-Induced Pulmonary Eosinophilic Inflammation in Mice

Respiratory Allergy to Trimellitic Anhydride in Rats: Concentration-Response Relationships During Elicitation

Exposure to Protein Aeroallergens in Egg Processing Facilities

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