Airway reactivity in ponies with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)

Derksen, F. J.; Robinson, N. E.; Armstrong, Peter; Stick, John A.; Slocombe, R. F.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.598

Cited by 162 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The BALF of horses with RAO showed moderate to severe neutrophilia (>20% cells), decreased lymphocyte, and alveolar macrophage counts [25,26]. Summer pastureassociated (SPA)-RAO is clinically indistinguishable from RAO except that the affected horses develop signs while maintained on pasture [9].…”

Section: Rao/heavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Approaches for the Assessment of Equine Chronic Pulmonary Disorders

Kutasi

Balogh²,

Lajos³

et al. 2011

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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a b s t r a c tEven though the respiratory system is one of the most accessible organs for diagnostic testing, it is not always easy to define chronic lower airway disease in the horse. Diagnostic procedures performed by first opinion veterinarians in the field are often restricted to taking the history and performing clinical examination. Respiratory tract endoscopy, tracheal or bronchoalveolar lavage, and blood sampling are sometimes used but other specific ancillary examinations are seldom performed in stable settings. Therefore, our objectives were to evaluate the diagnostic value of different techniques and examination types routinely used in the diagnostic workup of chronic equine lower airway cases in both stable and clinical circumstances. Another aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of different chronic pulmonary disorders among horses admitted to a Hungarian referral clinic. According to the conditional inference tree method, age of the horse, history, clinical examination, respiratory tract endoscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology proved to be the most valuable tools to define pathology. It was also concluded that in 22% of cases, more specific ancillary diagnostic modalities, unavailable for the field veterinarian, were needed to establish the final diagnosis. According to our study, the most frequently diagnosed chronic pulmonary disorders in Hungary are of noninfectious origin, principally recurrent airway obstruction. Regardless of the cause, and interestingly including recurrent airway obstruction as well, these diseases occur primarily during the warm months.

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Section: Rao/heavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Approaches for the Assessment of Equine Chronic Pulmonary Disorders

Kutasi

Balogh²,

Lajos³

et al. 2011

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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“…Clinical manifestations, accompanied by changes in lung function, occur when animals are exposed to hay or barn dust. Clinically affected horses are typically hyperreactive to inhaled histamine [52]. An allergic aetiology has been assumed, due to the presence of serum antibodies and response to aerosol antigen provocation challenge.…”

Section: Horses and Poniesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of occupational asthma

Mh¹

1994

Eur Respir J

121

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A An ni im ma al l m mo od de el ls s o of f o oc cc cu up pa at ti io on na al l a as st th hm ma a M.H. KarolAnimal models of occupational asthma. M.H. Karol. ERS Journals Ltd 1994. ABSTRACT: Occupational asthma is characterized by variable airflow obstruction occurring in the workplace. The presence of airways inflammation and hyperreactivity provides further evidence for the disease. Since its pathogenic mechanism(s) are unknown, animal models have been developed to investigate the various disease processes, as well as to enable study of environmental and genetic factors which may contribute to disease development.Numerous parameters can be measured in animal systems, including specific and total immunoglobulin E (IgE), pulmonary eosinophilia, diaphragm contractions and airflow muscle hypertrophy. It is recognized that no single factor is sufficient to lead to a conclusion of occupational asthma, but rather that a selected combination of parameters is most fitting. Animal species selected for study have included: mice, rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, sheep, horses and nonhuman primates. A guinea-pig system has been utilized for more than 90 yrs and has contributed to the basic understanding of physiological and immunological processes involved in allergic respiratory sensitization. The benefits as well as the disadvantages to be derived from each of the animal systems have been enumerated in this review.Certain caveats must be recognized in using animal systems. Attention must always be given to identifying differences which exist between animal and human systems, including morphological, physiological and immunological factors. The extent of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) differs greatly among animal species and probably plays a major role in development of allergic responsiveness in animals. In using animal systems, it must be appreciated that animals are only surrogates. Results from such studies must be compared with information obtained from clinical evaluation in order to avoid faulty extrapolations. Prudent employment of animal models is expected to advance the recognition, treatment and prevention of occupationally-based asthma.

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“…Saccharupolyspura rectivirgula (Micrupolyspora faeni) is the species most frequently responsible for this condition in Eastern Canada [2]. S. rectivirgula has also been associated with a respiratorydisease in horses known as heaves [3]. Environmental studies are frequently performed to measure S. rectivirgula exposure [4, 51.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula from Quebec dairy barns: application of simplified criteria for the identification of an agent responsible for farmer's lung disease

Duchaine¹,

Mériaux²,

Brochu

et al. 1999

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (Micropolyspora faeni) is one of the major agents responsible for farmer's lung disease, a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. It is frequently isolated from the air of contaminated barns. The identification of this actinomycete is difficult because most of its phenotypic characteristics are variable and classical tests are not easy to perform on actinomycetes. Fatty acid analysis is very useful for the identification of these strains, but is not available except in some research or reference laboratories. Morphological (microscopic and macroscopic observations), physiological and biochemical tests (growth properties; macromolecules degraded; citrate utilisation and acid production from carbohydrates; resistance to antibiotics, lysozyme and heat), cell wall and fatty acid analyses and IgG analyses with serum from patients with farmer's lung were performed on 12 environmental isolates presumed to be S. rectivirgula and two control strains of S. rectivirgula. From this, a simple and rapid scheme for the identification of this actinomycete is proposed: optimal growth temperature (55°C); colony appearance based on morphology (filamentous) and colour (beige to orange-brown); microscopic morphology (chains of spores on both aerial and substrate mycelium); growth on NaCl 10%; cell-wall analysis (type IV); and the verification of antibody response with serum from a patient with farmer's lung. This last criterion is important to confirm the immunogenicity of the strains identified as S. rectivirgula. This scheme provides an accurate and efficient way of identifying S. rectivirgula strains and evaluating exposure to this bacterium. The study shows the limited value and the lack of reproducibility of some classical biochemical tests.

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Airway reactivity in ponies with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)

Cited by 162 publications

References 26 publications

Diagnostic Approaches for the Assessment of Equine Chronic Pulmonary Disorders

Diagnostic Approaches for the Assessment of Equine Chronic Pulmonary Disorders

Animal models of occupational asthma

Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula from Quebec dairy barns: application of simplified criteria for the identification of an agent responsible for farmer's lung disease

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