Airway Microbiota in Stroke Patients with Tracheostomy: A Pilot Study

Abstract

Objectives: We investigated differences between the tracheostomized and the non-tracheostomized stroke patients through microbiological analysis for the purpose of preliminary explorations of full-scale clinical research in the future. Methods: We collected tracheal aspirates samples from 5 stroke patients with tracheostomy and expectorated sputum samples from 5 stroke patients without tracheostomy. Genomic DNA from sputum samples was isolated using QIAamp DNA mini kit. The sequences were processed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology 1.9.0. Alpha-diversity was calculated using the Chao1 estimator. Beta-diversity was analyzed by UniFrac-based principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). To confirm taxa with different abundance among the groups, linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis was performed. Results: Although alpha-diversity value of the tracheostomized group was higher than that of the non-tracheostomized group, there was no statistically significant difference. In PCoA, clear separation was seen between clusters of the tracheostomized group and that of the non-tracheostomized group. In both groups, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria were identified as dominant in phylum level. In particular, relative richness of Proteobacteria was found to be 31% more in the tracheotomized group (36.6%) than the non-tracheostomized group (5.6%)(P<0.05). In genus level, Neisseria (24%), Prevotella (17%), Streptococcus (13%), Fusobacteria (11%), Porphyromonas (7%) were identified as dominant in the tracheostomized group. In the non-tracheostomized group, Prevotella (38%), Veillonella (20%), Neisseria (9%) were genera that found to be dominant. Conclusions: It is meaningful in that the tracheostomized group has been identified a higher rate of microbiotas known as pathogenic in respiratory diseases compared to the non-tracheostomized group, confirming the possibility that the risk of opportunity infection may be higher.

Analysis of Research Trends in Papers Published in the Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research: Focused on 2010-2019

“…*Multiple response, † Total number was counted without in vitro studies and literary studies. (2) 관찰연구(observational study) [31][32][33][34][36][37][38]41,45,47,50) 이었으며 10편의 연구 [31][32][33][34]36,37,40,41,47,48) 에서 단일군의 특성을 확인하 였고, 10편의 연구 35,38,39,[42][43][44][45][46]49,50) 34,36,38,39,[42][43][44][45]47,48,51) 이었다. 연구 대상의 규모를 분석할 때 50명 미만이 3편 33,35,50) , 50명 이상 100명 미만이 4편 32,36,45,47) ,…”

“…연구 주제와 관련하여 체질, 변증 등 한의학적 진단 기준 을 중심으로 연구를 진행한 경우가 6편 35,36,42,[45][46][47] , 식이, 운동 등 생활습관과 관련한 경우가 4편 36,37,40,45) , 삶의 질 과 관련한 경우가 2편 38,43) , 비만 관련 일반적인 특성을 분 석한 경우 41,44) 와 체중감량에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석한 연구 48,49) 가 각각 2편, 체형을 분석한 경우가 2편 31,32) , 심리 요인에 대해 확인한 경우가 3편 33,34,36) 이었으며 성장 39) , 대 사질환 46) , 비만 외 일반 특성 50) 등에 대해 분석한 연구가 각각 1편씩 있었다( Table 4).…”